810 



INDEX 



Sporophytes, 379; algal, 636; club moss, 

 668, 670, 671; equisetum, 674, 675 

 fern, 662, 663; flowering plant, 690 

 liverwort, 654; moss, 644, 647, 650 

 pine, 682 



Sprays, 575, 577 



Spring aspect, 36 



Spring wheat, 435 



Sprouts, 410, 411 



Spruce [see Forests) 



Squaw-root, 505 



Stamen, 336, 354, 372 



Staminate cones, 683; flowers, 359 



Starch, 129, 175; accumulation, 131, 148; 

 grains, 60, 103, 133; sources, 132; syn- 

 thesis, 129-137 



Starvation, 101, 164 



Stele, 264 



Stem, 10, 12, 24, 245; of moonseed vine, 

 266; of panicum, 271; sections, 223, 

 266, 270, 285, 286, 287, 288, 291; seg- 

 ments, 267; tip, 10, 64; types, 251 



Stems, aerial, 256; age of, 265, 268; 

 climbing, 258; columnar, 252; creep- 

 ing, 402; deliquescent, 252, 253; dicot, 

 266, 270; excurrent, 252, 253; external 

 features of, 245-261, 246, 254, 255. 

 257, 258, 259; growth of, 267, 270. 

 272, 278; herbaceous, 256, 269; mono- 

 cot, 270, 271, 290; processes in, 276; 

 regions of, 262; size of, 273-276; tissues 

 of, 264-277, 278-293; twining, 258; 

 woody, 245, 262 



Sterility, 382 



Sterilization, 527 



Stigma, 354, 373 



Stipules, 18, 86 



Stock, 293, 419 



Stolons, 256 



Stomates. 71, 74, 78, 79, 87, 89, 121: 

 opening and closing of, 74, 121, 218, 

 226 



Stone cells, 281, 283; fruits, 365 



Stoneworts, 621 



Storage [see Accumulation) 



Stratification, 396; in lakes, 594 



Strawberry fruit, 363; runners. 403 



Streptococcus, 519 



Strobilus, 683 



Style, 354, 373 



Suberin, 168. 169. 171 



Submergence, 589-590; and differentia- 

 tion, 82; and leaf form, 81, 90; and 

 plant species, 588; and stomates, 82, 

 90 



Succession of plant communities, 41, 46, 

 737, 753 



Sucrase, 124, 175 



Sucrose, 104, 109, 123, 148, 175 



Suffocation, 101, 161 



Sugars, 104, 108, 129, 138, 150, 152, 169, 

 175, 483; amounts made, 113; fate 

 of, in plants, 114; synthesis of. 110 



Sulfates, 143, 539 



Sulfofication, 539 



Sulfur, 142. 177, 328, 539; bacteria, 512. 

 538 



Summer aspect, 37 



Sun leaf, 77, 78, 79, 80 



Sundew, 219 



Sunflower, 494; family, 717; leaf, 76; 

 stem, 270, 287 



Surface tension, 197 



Survival of the fittest, 500-502 



Susceptibility. 524 



Suspensions, 61 



Swamps, 597 



Sword fern, 484 



Sycamore, 274 



Symptoms of plant diseases. 573 



Tank culture, 331, 332 



Tannase, 175 



Tannins, 162, 171, 174, 175 



Tassel, 359 



Taxodium, 678 



Teliospores, 560 



Telophase, 446 



Temperature, and abscission, 32; and 

 autumn coloration, 31; and bacteria. 

 619; and flower initiation, 345. 346, 

 347; and leaf development, 82; and 

 photcisyn thesis, 112, 127; and plant 

 distribution, 165, 600; and plant 

 habitats, 589; and respiration. 163; 

 and root development, 312; and seed 

 germination, 396; and tuber forma- 

 tion, 189; effects, 217; evaporation, 

 222 



Tendrils, 18, 86, 258 



Tertiary period. 723; roots, 295, 313 



Tests for foods. 103. 104 



