DISTRIBUTION OF ANTARCTIC M ACROPLANKTON 99 



Orkneys, South Shetlands, and the eastern Bellingshausen Sea. Of all the stations in 

 this area, including those in Bransfield Strait, it is recorded only at one or two stations 

 off Adelaide Island. The nectophores appear in very variable numbers in the samples, 

 but this is to be expected, as there are said to be about thirty nectophores to each 

 colony. 



Sibogita borchgrevinki . Another species which is confined to the higher latitudes, or 

 at least to the colder waters. Its distribution resembles that of Diphyes antarctica, but 

 it appears to reach a little farther north. There is rarely more than a single specimen in 

 one sample, and it is probably distributed evenly through the waters to which it belongs. 



SolmundeUa sp. This is a species which seems to havs no particular limits. It occurs in 

 small numbers, but has been found everywhere from the convergence to the cold waters 

 of the Bellingshausen and Weddell Seas. Browne (1910) mentions that S. mediterranea 

 is found from the tropics to the Antarctic. There are rarely more than ten in one sample, 

 and I have no record of more than thirty-two. 



Tomopteris sp. (large). The large Tomopteris also is found everywhere from the con- 

 vergence to the higher latitudes, but it is distinctly commoner in the colder regions. 

 Like Pyrostephos, it seems to be absent from the Bransfield Strait, and the whole of the 

 coastal region from the South Orkneys to the eastern part of the Bellingshausen Sea. 

 It is an evenly distributed species and more than two or three in one sample are rarely 

 found. Only once have more than twelve been taken at a time, and that was an extra- 

 ordinary catch of thirty-nine at a station off South Georgia. There is an interesting 

 colour variety of Tomopteris carpenteri. Ordinary specimens are colourless and trans- 

 parent, but on certain occasions specimens have been taken which were traversed by 

 two broad bands of bright reddish brown which made the animal strikingly conspicuous. 

 These parti-coloured specimens have been found only in cold water in the neighbour- 

 hood of the pack-ice of the Weddell and Bellingshausen Seas. 



Tomopteris sp. (small). Like the large Tomopteris it is found everywhere in the Ant- 

 arctic water, but is rather commoner in the colder regions. Unlike the other it is found 

 in the coastal region of the South Orkneys, South Shetlands, and eastern Bellingshausen 

 Sea. Its distribution is sometimes quite uniform and sometimes rather patchy, but 

 I have no record of anything which might be called a shoal. 



Vanadis antarctica. Occurs in such small numbers that one cannot draw very certain 

 conclusions as to its distribution. It is almost entirely confined to the cold water of the 

 Weddell and Bellingshausen Seas, especially the latter, but it has also been found at one 

 or two stations near the Antarctic convergence in far wanner water than all the others 

 at which it is recorded. There seems to be no doubt about the identity of these speci- 

 mens, and their occurrence in such an unusual locality is difficult to account for. There 

 is rarely more than one in a single sample. 



Auricidaria antarctica. Like Diphyes antarctica, this species is strictly confined to the 

 colder regions, but since it occurred at WS 198, WS 474 and St. 594 (see Figs. 10, 

 12 and 14), its northern limit must be placed a little beyond that of Diphyes. It is 

 found in the Bellingshausen Sea, the coastal waters of the South Shetlands and South 



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