Fig. 56. Sponges with little or no attachment to the substratum. 



a~h, Tedania sphiata (Ridley). 



a, a discoid specimen, with hydroids growing vertically downwards from the basal shell and small 

 patches of included sand; h, section of same; c, a second discoid, with included pebble, hydroids 

 growing out from the surface and included patch of sand at the centre ; d, section of same ; e, a 

 flabellate specimen, showing method of attachment ; /, a " table-shaped "specimen, showing method 

 of attachment ; jC-, section through a flabellate specimen, showing manner in which sand is taken up 

 by the sponge ; A, a sub-spherical specimen, bearing hydroids and a cirripede, from St. 222, taken in 

 a tow-net. a-g x ^, h x h 



i, Disyringa dissimilis, iioMis. x i. 



j, Cladorhiza longipinna, Ridley and Dendy, showing orientation, x i. 



k, Monosyringa longispintim, Lendenfeld, showing suckers. 



/, Monosyringa brondstedi, Burton, showing suckers with attached pebbles, etc. x i. 



tn-p, Polymastia invaginata, Kirkpatrick. 



OT, a (floating ?) specimen with a small pebble embedded in the base; n, a "free" specimen; o, a 

 specimen seated on a rock; p, section through a young specimen, showing choanosome {cli), 

 collenchymatous base (col) and included calcareous fragment [cf). m-o x \,p x 2. 



