102 



THE MITOCHONDRIAL CONSTITUENTS OF PROTOPLASM. 



List of sithslances supposed to he formed from miUichomiria. 



Amyloplasts ( = leucoplasts). 



Anthocyanin, Guillierniond (1913c, p. 478; 1913/, p. 



1002). 

 Apparato reticolare (Binnennetz), Hoven (1910a, p. 479). 

 Autoplasts ( = chromoplasts). 

 Aqueous humor, Mawas (1909, p. 284). 

 Batonnets of Heidenhain, Policard (1912f, p. 457). 

 Carotine, Guilliermond (1912a, p. 389). 

 Cerebrospinal fluid, Grynfeltt and EuziSre (1912, p. 64). 

 Chloroleucites ( = chloroplasts). 

 Chlorophyll, GuiUiermond (1912a, p. 407). 

 Chloroplasts, Guilliermond (1912o, p. 412). 

 Chromoplasts, Guilliermond (19r2a, p. 412). 

 Ciliary apparatus, Saguchi (1917, p. 266). 

 Collagenic fibrils, Moves (1910a, p. 164). 

 Composes phenolique, Guilliermond (1913/, p. 1002). 

 Connective-tissue cell granulations, Renaut and Dubreuil 



(1906b, p. 230). 

 Cuticular formations. Van der Stricht (1918, p. 36). 

 Cyanoplasts, Guilliermond (1913i, p. 1282). 

 Disque Q, Faure-Fremiet, Maver and Schaeffer (1910, 



p. 75). 

 Eberth's intracellular structures, Saguchi (1913, p. 239). 

 Elaioplasts, Guilliermond (1912a, p. 405). 

 Eosinophile granulations, Meves (19106, p. 6.56). 

 Epidermal cell secretion, Saguchi (1915, p. 395). 

 Epidermal fibrils, Firket (1911, p. 537). 

 Fat (neutral), Altmann (1889, p. 94). 

 Fibrils of Herxheimer, Favre and Regaud (1910, p. 1138). 

 Filament h^licoldal, Porroncito (1910, p. 310). 

 Fucasin, Le Touze (1912, p. 33). 

 Glycogen, Arnold (1908, p. 365); Alexeieff (1916a; 



19166, and 1917a). 

 Goblet ceU mucus, Grynfeltt (1913, p. 11). 

 Grains, chromophiles, Leplat (1913, p. 219). 

 Grains safranophiles, Regaud (1910, p. 342). 

 Granules de segregation, Renaut and Dubreuil (19066, 



p. 230). 

 Hemoglobin pigment, Ciaccio (1911, p. 16). 

 Hemoglobin crystals, Policard (19r2a, p. 92; 19126, 



p. 230). 

 Leucites ( = leucoplasts). 

 Leucoplasts, Lewitsky (1910, p. 542). 

 Lipoid in nerve-cells, Cowdry (1914a, p. 13). 

 Liposomes, Faure-Fremiet (19106, p. 538). 



Macromitosome, Ciatenby (1917, p. 416). 



Mammary-gland secretion, Hoven (1911, p. 325). 



Melanin, Asvadourova (1913, p. 263). 



Metachromatic corpuscles, Guilliermond (1913d, p. 439). 



Mucorine, Moreau (1915a, p. 171). 



Mucus (boules picriphiles), Grynfeltt (1913, p. 11). 



Myofibrils, Benda (1899a, p. 379). 



Nebenkern in spermatogenesis, Meves (1900, p. 585). 



Neurofibrils, Meves (1907a, p. 403). 



Ncurogha fibrils, Meves (1907a, p. 403). 



Pancreatic zymogen, Hoven (19106, p. 349). 



Parathyroid secretion, Bobeau (1911, p. 186). 



Parotid secretion, Regaud and Mawas (19096, p. 220). 



Pheoplasts, Nicolosi-Roncati (19126, p. 144). 



Pigment, Prenant (1913, p. 926). 



Poison-gland secretion, Torraca (1916, p. 326). 



Pole-disc granules in chrysomelid eggs, Hegner (1914, 



p. 419). 

 Prepucial-gland secretion, Altmann (1890, p. 99). 

 Prostate secretion, Akat.su (1903, p. 566). 

 Randreifen of blood corpuscles, Meves (1905, p. 103). 

 Retinal pigment, Luna (19136, p. 56). 

 Russell's bodies, Dubreuil and Favre (1914a, p. 373). 

 Sebaceous-gland secretion, Nicolas, Regaud and Favre 



(1912a, p. 203). 

 Sheath of tail-thread of sperm, Meves (1900, p. 586). 

 Spiral filament of sperm, Benda (1897, p. 412). 

 Starch, Guilliermond (1912a, p. 412). 

 Submaxillary-gland secretion, Regaud and Mawas 



(19096, p. 220). 

 Suprarenal pigment, Mulon (1913, p. 1026). 

 Suprarenal secretion, Mulon (19106, p. 873). 

 Sweat-gland secretion, Nicolas, Regaud and Favre 



(19126, p. 191). 

 Tannin, Guilliermond, (191.'W, p. 437). 

 Test of foraminifera, Faure-Fremiet (1911, p. 120). 

 Trophoplasts ( = leucoplasts) . 



Thyroid-gland secretion, Grynfeltt (1912c, p. 147). 

 Tyrosin, Asvadourova (1913, p. 263). 

 Tonofibrils, Saguchi (1913, p. 2:39). 

 Urea in the kidney, Oliver (1916, p. 318). 

 Venom, Grynfeltt (1913, p. 11). 

 ViteUus, Loyez (1909, p. 191). 



Xanthophyllous pigment, Guilliermond (1913A, p. 1926). 

 Yolk, Coghill (1915, p. 349). 



The term "transformation" has been used too freely and too loosely. In- 

 vestigators speak glibly of the transformation of mitochondria into other mate- 

 rials without stopping to think what it means. We can understand the transforma- 

 tion of a liquid into a gas, but we can not conceive of the transformation of oxygen 

 into carbon. The hkelihood of a transformation taking place depends upon the 

 difference in the properties of the original and the transformed substances; but 

 the differences in the properties of mitochondria and all these materials are usually 

 ignored. Accordingly, some of the statements involve chemical and physical im- 

 possibilities. We have good reason to suppose that mitochondria resemble phos- 

 phohpins, and it is therefore incredible that they should transform into hemoglobin 

 which contains iron, chlorophyll which contains magnesium, and the colloid of the 

 thyroid gland with its iodine. The iron, magnesium, and iodine can come only 

 from the cytoplasm. The question, however, is vastly comjilicated by statements, 

 apparently supported by fairly good evidence, to the effect that mitochondria consist, 



