336 JOURNAL, BOMBAY NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY, Vol. XV J. 



1 came to the conclusion that the plant was Saccharomyces ellipseoideus, 

 Rees, or wine yeast. Another species of the same genus, Saccharo- 

 myces mycoderma, Rees. exhibited elliptical and cylindrical cells of 

 5 — 7 p, in length. It is the plant which forms a thin membrane on the 

 surface of already fermented liquids without causing fermentation itself, 

 v.g. in half-empty bottles of wine. 



May I be allowed now to enumerate in a shorter way what else the 

 microscope revealed to the observing eye. 



Of the organisms belonging to the Schizomycetes or Bacteria, the 

 following were examined : — 



Micrococcus ure^e, Oohn. — Diameter of cells 1*1 — 2 ^ ; 2 — 8 in- 

 dividuals were united into chains. It is the cause of fermentation of 

 the urine, splitting up urea into ammonium carbonate. 



Micrococcus crepusculum, Cohn. — Cells short, oval. Diameter 



2 v. It is found in various infusions. In company with Micrococcus 

 crepusculum I found Bacterium termo, Ehrl. Length 1 — 3 ^ Twice 

 or three times as long as broad, cylindric or elliptic, usually in pairs. 

 It is the ferment of putrefaction of liquids. 



Vibrio rugula, Mull. — Length 6 — 17 ^. Is found in ponds, rain- 

 water, and also in faeces. 



Beggiatoa roseo-persicina, Zopf. — Pinkish or violet. Found on 

 fresh and salt water in places where vegetable and animal bodies putrefy. 

 They give the water the blood-red colour. 



Clostrydium butyricum, Prazm. — In the presence of this bacterium 

 butyric acid is formed from various carbohydrates. The rod-like cells 

 measure in length 2 — 2'5 ^, in breadth 1 ^. 



Bacterium aceti, Zopf, the acetic acid bacteria which oxidise 

 alcohol to acetic acid. 



Staphylococcus Pyogenes. — It is a spherical coccus 0*9 ^ in 

 diameter, found irregularly in masses or clusters. It is one of the 

 bacteria which cause suppuration. I was not able to identify the exact 

 variety. 



Bacillus tuberculosis, Koch. — The tubercle bacillus varies very 

 much in size. I found some of 2'6 — 3*4 ^ in length, and others 

 of 4 v. 



Didymiium SchRad. — As I found it only as plasmodium and with- 

 out sporongia and spores, I could not make sure of the specific charac- 

 ters. Of the Zygomycetes there were only two species. 



