1899] Geological Society of America. 195 



this character may, under certain circumstances for a short time, behave 

 almost as a liquid. This paper which proved most interesting, and 

 instructive, was illustrated with lantern slides. 



The Iroquois Beach at Toronto and its Fossils. 



By PROF. A P. COLEMAN, Toronto, Canada, 



The Iroquois beach north of Lake Ontario, was long ago mapped 

 in outline by Piof. J. W. Spencer, but many details in this shore line 

 remained to be filled in. Near Toronto, two bays are tound, one near 

 Carlton on the west, the other near York on the east, each had an 

 area of several square miles and was cut off from the main lake by a 

 gravel bar like the present Toronto island. Horns of caribou are 

 common in the Carlton bar and teeth of the mammoth have been 

 found in the bar near York. Fresh-water shells of four species, 

 Campeloma d'-cisa the most common, are found in beach gravels of 

 Iroquois age near Reservoir park, Toronto. These are the first fresh- 

 water fossils found without doubt in the Iroquois beach deposits. As 

 the main Pleistocene beaches from Agassiz to Iroquois contain fiesh- 

 water shells, they must have been formed in lakes and not arms of the 

 sea. The numerous marine shell-bearing deposits ot the east of 

 Canada cease before Lake Ontario is reached. 



Outline of the Geology of Hudson's Bay and Strait. 

 By Dr. ROBERT BELL, Ottawa, Ont. 



Dr. Bell described the Hudson Bay depression and contrasted the 

 opposite sides of the same. The Archaean formations were described 

 by him and he made general remarks on the nature of their distribution. 

 The Laurtntian, Huionian and associated Ausinikis and Nipigon 

 series. The Galena-Trenton formations as noticed on the Nelson and 

 Churchill in Ungava and Frobisher Bay consisted of some 900 feet of 

 horizontal strata. This was followed by notes on the Silurian of Mans- 

 field Island and the Devonian areas of Southampton Island, the Severn 

 Region, the Missinaibi or James's Bay areas. 



The highest mountains in Eastern America between 8,000 and 

 9,000 feet above sea level occur in the North-eastern portion of the 

 Labrador Peninsula. 



In the interesting discussion which followed Dr. Bell's paper it 

 was brought out that in Amherst College are deposited the collections 

 of Trenton and other palaeozoic fossils from Frobisher Bay. The 

 presence of a species of Triarthriis indicated the occurrence of the 

 Utica formation. Prof C. Schuchert's collection of Trenton ff ssils from 

 Baffinland was stated to be in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington 

 and that Silurian strata are recorded by Kendall from the South shore 

 of the Cumberland Coast in the American Journal of Science. 



