I go The Ottawa Naturalist. [January 



surface and it was the sudden removal of this underlying- material 

 which produced the caving-in of the surface layers, at the same 

 time moving them a considerable distance forward. Most of the 

 trees, except in the vicinity oi certain cracks, remained in their 

 original upright position. The motion was spasmodic or halting-, 

 owing, doubtless, to the obstruction on the part of the harder and 

 more impervious portions of the clay, so that a number of anti- 

 clinal and synclinal folds were produced, while much of the dis- 

 turbed material showed very excellent samples ot block faulting. 

 In many places, owing to this retardation in movement, huge 

 blocks of the hard and impervious clay were shoved up almost on 

 edge through the overlying loam or soil at the surface. 



As an immediate result of this landslide, the water of the 

 Li^vre river below was so filled with the finely divided clay as to 

 render it unsuitable for drinking or even for washing purposes. 

 To such an extent indeed was the material held in suspension that 

 even at Montreal, over loo miles from the scene, the water 

 was quite thick and turbid. The mills at Buckingha n were obliged 

 to close down for a considerable length of time as the dirty water 

 clogged the machinery. All the water required for cooking 

 or drinking was obtained from the few wells remaining in the 

 town, that derived from the waterworks being unfit for use. 



