Eye Movement. 83 



respectively. There is no standard with which we can conveniently 

 compare these values, as in the previous series the duration of the test 

 was not always exactly 5 seconds ; hence it was inadvisable to measure 

 the records for this factor. 



The effect of alcohol upon the eye movements is strikingly evident in 

 table 14. The average duration of the left movement on all the alco- 

 hol days and periods following the ingestion of the alcohol is 151 cr, an 

 increase of 9 <r over the average for normal days of 142 a. The total 

 amount of horizontal movement following alcohol is 241 mm. as com- 

 pared with a normal performance of 271 mm., that is, a reduction of 30 

 mm. in the activity of the eye muscles as registered with the enlarging 

 camera. In period 2 the duration of left movement after alcohol is 160 <r, 

 and after the dose on the normal days, 137 a; the total horizontal 

 movement in the second period for the alcohol days is 238 mm. and on 

 the normal days 283 mm. There was thus a decrease in speed of 23 cr, 

 and in distance of 45 mm. following the ingestion of alcohol. In gen- 

 eral the effect of the alcohol is less prominent throughout the remainder 

 of the periods. In only one instance (horizontal distance, period 5) is 

 the effect reversed. The signs for the differences, section n of the 

 table, are for alcohol remarkably consistent in periods 2, 3, 4, and 5, 

 being for L always plus and for H. D. always minus. Alcohol differ- 

 ences minus the normal differences produce results in periods 2, 3, 4, and 

 5 which show that the duration of L is lengthened and the total amount 

 of horizontal movement decreased as a result of the 30 c.c. dose. The 

 effect of alcohol is most prominent in period 2, resulting in a decreased 

 speed of eye movement of 14 per cent and decreased total movement of 

 21 per cent. For periods 3, 4, and 5, the lengthened duration of eye 

 movements is in the neighborhood of about 6 per cent, and the decrease 

 in movement 17, 22, and 1.3 per cent, respectively. For period 6 the 

 data are more fragmentary. They indicate, however, that the speed of 

 eye movement was increased, the horizontal distance still being some- 

 what diminished. The average effect expressed in per cent for all 

 periods is a slowing of the left eye movement amounting to 6.4 per cent 

 and a decrease in the amount of movement amounting to 15 per cent. 

 These results, in so far as they are comparable, are in agreement with 

 those previously found on this subject. 1 



1 It is perhaps doubtful whether the records of Subject VI in the previous experiments should 

 have been included with those of the other normal subjects (see Dodge and Benedict's report, p. 

 157, table 25), since there was only one normal day and very scant records for that. More- 

 over, these values for Subject VI figured conspicuously in table 28, page 166, of Dodge and Bene- 

 dict's report; see column headed "Movements to right, duration of movement." Here the sub- 

 ject showed a considerably slower speed than the others with dose A, that is, —25 cr. This value 

 was large enough to exercise a predominating influence upon the average for the group on the 

 movement to the right, with the result that the average is — 3 cr for dose A. 



Referring to Dodge and Benedict's table 27, p. 165, "Summary of effect of alcohol on the eye- 

 movements as shown by changes in the average values," we find that if an attempt is made to 

 harmonize the figures in the column "Effect on total movement," with those in the columns 

 headed "Duration of movement" (right) and "Duration of movement" (left), which supposedly 

 contain the data from which the total movements are computed, some difficulty will be encoun- 

 tered. In table 25 it will be found that the "Total duration" column contains only those values 



