126 



Effect of Alcohol on Psycho-Physiological Functions. 



reductions were 4.0, 3.1, and 3.5, respectively, while in period 6 there 

 was an increase of 7.1 per cent. The foregoing illustrations should 

 make it perfectly clear that a plus sign in part i and a minus sign in 

 part ii have fundamentally the same meaning — that is, an inferior or 

 less satisfactory functioning of a process. 



The general picture for the effect of alcohol on Subject VI, as shown 

 by the repetition series, is definitely one of neuro-muscular depression, 

 demonstrated by the fact that in part i of table 26 the signs for the 

 percentile differences are predominantly plus, while in part n they are 

 as prominently minus. At the bottom of each column in the table the 

 signs of the column have been classified under the three heads — inferior, 

 superior, and neutral — and the entries are the percentages found for the 

 several categories. 



Table 26. — Percentile effects of ingestion of SO ex. of absolute alcohol on a related group of processes. 1 



Processes measured. 



Part I. 

 Patellar reflex (latency of 

 primary and secondary re- 

 flexes) : 



L, 30-gram blow 



L, 50-gram blow 



L', 30-gram blow 



L', 50-gram blow 



Lid reflex (latency) : 



L, primary wink 



L', secondary wink .... 

 Eye reaction: 



Time 



Mean variation 



Word reaction: 



Time 



Mean variation 



Faradic sensory threshold : 



Z units 



/3 units 



Eye-movement time, left 



movements 



Memory saving, mean varia- 

 tion 5 



Repetition series. 



Experimental periods following the taking 

 of alcohol. 



Period 

 2. 



+ 4.1 

 + 2.1 





 + 1.3 



+13.3 

 +15.0 



+ 12.0 

 +34 



+ 3.1 

 - 2.0 



+17 

 +32 



+ 14 



+10 



Period 

 3. 



+ 0.9 

 + 0.9 

 + 2.6 



+ 2.7 



+ 5.7 

 + 0.7 



+ 13 

 +41 



- 9.0 



+ 7.0 



+ 0.9 

 + 10 



+ 6.4 



-10 



Period 

 4. 



+ 2.9 





 + 11 

 + 1.1 



- 2.9 



- 7.5 



+ 9.5 

 + 6.3 



- 7.4 

 



+ 5.3 

 + 7.3 



+ 7.2 



+13 



Period 

 5. 



- 7.3 



- 8.9 



- 9.2 

 +21.0 



+ 6.4 



- 3.7 



+ 6.2 

 -25 



-11 



+21 



+ 6.2 



+25 



+ 5.0 

 -15 



Period 



- 1.5 



- 4.5 



- 5.3 



- 16.0 



+ 4.3 

 + 3.7 



- 1.9 



+ 47 



- 21 

 + 25 



- 11 



- 7.9 



- 2.1 



- 5.0 



Last 

 period. 



- 9.8 



- 12.0 



- 5.3 



- 15.0 



- 5.8 



- 6.7 



+ 8. 

 + 22 



- 9.6 

 + 35.0 



+ 0.9 

 + 24 



+ 3.0 



- 10.0 



Av. 



periods 2, 



3, and 4. 



+ 2.6 

 + 1.0 

 + 4.5 

 + 17 



+ 5.4 



+ 2.7 



+11.5 



+27.1 



- 4.4 

 + 1.7 



+ 7.7 

 + 16.4 



+ 9.2 



+ 4.3 



First series. 2 Results 



found by Dodge and 



Benedict with 



equivalent dose. 



Av. for 

 normal 

 group. 



+ 11.1 

 + 4.0 



+ 5.9 



+ 6.8 



- 5.4 





 + 21 

 + 3.4 



Av. for 



Subject 



VI. 



+ 0.3 



(') 



- 4.5 



- 10.7 



- 9.3 



- 5 



+ 48 

 4 + 25.8 



1 The values given in this table differ in certain instances from those published in the preliminary abstract 

 (Miles, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 1916, 2, p. 703), e. g., the patellar reflexes from 30 and 50 gram stimuli have been 

 treated separately; there were also one or two errors discovered in the original computations. 



2 The signs used in presenting Dodge and Benedict's data have been changed to make them conform with the 

 usage in this monograph, where a plus means increase and a minus decrease in the quantities measured. 



3 The records were illegible. 



4 No left eye movements are given for Subject VI in Dodge and Benedict's table 28, p. 166; therefore the percen- 

 tile difference for right movements is entered here. 



6 From computations based on the "saving" between the first and second reactions; see table 11, p. 71. 



