PENTANDRIA— DIGYNIA. Heracleum, 101 



1. V. sativa. Common Wild Parsnep. 

 Leaves simply pinnate ; downy beneath. 



P. sativa. Linn. Sp. PL 376. Willd. v.\. \4G6. FLBr.328. Engl. 

 Bot. V. 8. I. ^hQ. Mart. Rust. t. 83. 



P. sylvestris. Huds.\25. Relh. \22. Sibth. lOl. Abbot 67. 



P. 11. 808. Hall. Hist. v. 1. 359. 



P. sylvestris latifolia. Raii Syn. 206. Ger. Em. 1025./. Bauh. 

 Pin. 155. Dod. Pempt.6S0.f. Moris, v. 3. 314. sect. 9. t. 16. 

 /•2. 



Pastinaca. Trag. Hist. 439./. 440. Riv. Pentap. Irr. t. 6. 



P. domestica. Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 106./. Camer. Epit. 507./. 



Siser sylvestre, Fuchs. Hist. 753. f. 



About the borders of fields, on hillocks and dry banks, in a chalky 

 soil. 



Biennial. July. 



Root spindle-shaped, white, aromatic, mucilaginous and sweet, with 

 a degree of acrimony which it loses by cultivation, becoming the 

 eatable garden Parsnep. Stem a yard high, erect, branched, 

 leafy, angular, deeply furrowed, roughish. Leaves oblong, pin- 

 nate, with footstalks dilated and concave at the base ; leciflets 

 from 3 or 5 to 9, op])osite, ovate, serrated and cut, bright green, 

 downy at the back ; the terminal one 3-lobed. Umbels termi- 

 nal, erect, of several unequal, angular, downy rays; partial ones 

 of more numerous rays. Both are usually naked ; but there is 

 occasionally a solitary lanceolate bractea, under the general, as 

 well as partial, umbels. Fl. yellow, small, some of the inner- 

 most not unfrequently abortive. Fruit large, pale brown when 

 quite ripe, 



171. HERACLEUM. Cow-parsnep. 



Linn. Gen. 137, Juss.222. FL Br. 306. Spreng. Prodr. 12, Lam. 



t. 200. 

 Sphondylium. Tourn.t.]70. Gccrtn.t. 21. 



Fl. incompletely separated; the inner ones barren, or 

 abortive ; those of the circumference perfect and prolific. 

 Cal. of 5 small, acute teeth, obliterated in the fruit. Pef. 

 5, inversely heart-shaped, with an inflexed point; in the 

 innermost flowers smallest, nearly equal and regular; in 

 those of the circumference much larger, irregular, and 

 radiant, the outer one largest, with equal lobes, the rest 

 more or less unequally divided; the 2 inner ones smallest. 

 Filam. thread-shaped, longer than the corolla, spreading, 

 a little incurved. Ant/i. roundish. Germ, inferior, ovate, 

 slightly compressed transversely. Sfi/Ies at first erect, 

 rather short; subsequently flattened, spreading, and some- 



