PENTANDRIA— DIGYNIA. Ulmus. 23 



piously hairy at their origins and subdivisions. Fl. rather larger 

 and paler, in looser tufts, than most of the species ; each in 5, 

 6, or 7, oblong acute segments, and as many broad, rather heart- 

 shaped, dark-purple anthers. Capsule broadly obovate, or el- 

 liptical and almost orbicular, with a shallow notch at the end, 

 not extending half way to the seed. Gerarde's figure represents 

 the fruit well, as to this last very material character, but rather 

 too narrow and elliptical in its outline. 



This appears to be one of the most general species of Elm through- 

 out Europe, and is certainly what the older writers distinguished 

 by the epithet of montana, from our first species, their campestris. 

 It is sometimes called the Hertfordshire Elm, being very frequent 

 and luxuriant in that county. The large hop-like /rwii is abun- 

 dant, and very conspicuous, in May or June, and the seeds ap- 

 pear to be usually perfected. 



U. ciliata, Ehrh. Arb. 72, a native of Hanover, not yet observed in 

 Britain, has leaves most resembling U. montana, but quite 

 smooth on the upper side. Its capsule is deeply cloven, strongly 

 fringed with coarse dense hairs. 



5. U. glabra. Smooth-leaved, or Wych Elm. 



Leaves elliptic-oblong, doubly serrated, smooth. Flowers 

 nearly sessile, five-cleft. Fruit obovate, naked, deeply 

 cloven. 



U. glabra. Mill Diet. ed. 8. n. 4. Ctdlum 97. Engl. Bot. v. 32. 

 t. 2248. Comp. 43. 



U. montana (3. FL Br. 282. Hull ed. 2. 75. 



U. folio glabro. Ger. Em. 148 1 ./. Raii Syn. 469. 



U. campestris var. 3. With. 279. 



In woods and hedges. 



Between Rumford and Stubbers, Essex. Goodyer. The most com- 

 mon Elm in some parts of that county. Mr. E. Forster. 



Tree. March. 



A tall elegant tree, with spreading, rather drooping, smooth, black- 

 ish branches, scarcely downy in their earliest stage of growth. 

 Leaves smaller than any of the preceding, except campestris, as 

 well as more oblong, strongly serrated, very unequal at the base, 

 not elongated at the extremity ; their substance firm, or rather 

 rigid ; the surface of both sides very smooth to the touch, nor 

 are there any hairs beneath, except the axillary pubescence of 

 the ribs, which often forms a narrow downy line along the mid- 

 rib. Fl. nearly sessile, with 5 short, bluntish, fringed segments, 

 and as many longish stamens, whose anthers are roundish-heart- 

 shaped. Capsules smaller than most other species, obovate, clo- 

 ven down to the seed, smooth, often reddish. Goodyer reports 

 that the wood is preferred to that of his first species, our sube- 

 rosa, for the naves of cart-wheels ; but he was not acquainted 

 with the superior quality of our campestris, or Norfolk Elm. 



