430 ICOSANDRIA-POLYGYNIA. Geum. 



1. G. urbanum. Common Avens. Herb Bennet. 



Leaves ternate ; radical ones somewhat lyrate. Stipulas 

 rounded, cut. Flowers nearly upright. Styles naked. 



G. urbanum. Linyi. Sp. PI. 716. mild. v. 2. 1 1 13. Fl. Br. 554. 

 Engl. Bot. V. 20. /. 1 400. Curt. Lond.fasc. 2. t. 36. Woodv. suppl. 

 t. 259. Hook. Scot. 165, Fl. Dan. t. 672. 



G. n. 1 130. Hall. Hist. v. 2. 52. 



Caryophyllata. Raii Syn. 253. Ger. Em. 994./. Dod. Pempt.\37.f. 

 Matth. Valgr. v. 2. 333./. Camer. Epit. 725. f. Brunf. Herb. 

 V. 2. 42. /. Tillands Ic. 34. /. 



C. hortensis. Fuchs. Hist. 384./. 



C. vulgaris. Bauh. Pin. 321. 



Avens, Herb Bennet. Pet. H. Brit. t. 40./. 1. 



/3. Willd. v.2.\\\4. Fl. Br. 554. 



Geum intermedium. Ehrh. Beitr. v. 6. 143. Herb. 106. 



G. rivale jS. Fl. Br. 555. 



Caryophyllata vulgaris, majoreflore. Bauh. Pin. 32\. RaiiSyn,253. 



C. sylvestris. Fuchs. Hist. 385./ 



Great-flowered Avens. Pet. H. Brit. t.40./. 2. 



In woods, shady dry hedges and thickets, frequent. 



/3. Near St. Helen's well, by Darlington. Mr. Robson. In a low 

 shady grove, by the river, at Matlock bath, Derbyshire. 



Perennial. May — August. 



Root of many stout brown fibres, astringent, and in some degree 

 aromatic, said to give an agreeable clove-like flavour to beer, 

 and even to wine. Stem 2 feet high, erect, round, rough and 

 finely hairy j branched at the upper part, bearing several flowers. 

 Radical leaves on long stalks, interruptedly pinnate, somewhat 

 lyrate, the odd leaflet rounded, often deeply 3-lobed j stem- 

 leaves ternate, stalked ; upper simple, 3-lobed, wedge-shaped ; 

 all variously notched and serrated, grass-green, veiny, hairy. 

 Stipulas of the stem-leaves very large, rounded, lobed, serrated, 

 leafy. Fl. terminal, solitary, stalked 3 commonly small, bright 

 yellow, erect ; in /3 larger and more tawny, somewhat droop- 

 ing. Cal. spreading, reflexed as the fruit advances. Seeds in an 

 ovate head, numerous, ovate, downy, besides a few long coarse 

 hairs about the summit, each tipped with a rigid, purplish, de- 

 flexed awn or tail, which is quite smooth, ending in a small sharp 

 hook. In an early state this hook forms the curved part of the 

 style, but the small portion above that part, always likewise, in 

 this species, smooth and naked, soon falls off with' the stigma. I 

 do not find the economy of these organs clearly explained by 

 authors. The seeds, according to Gaertner, have only a simple 

 pellicle, or membrane, within their hairy outermost coat, and the 

 latter therefore cannot come under the denomination of any sort 

 of seed-vessel. 

 The flowers of Ehrhart's G. intermedium are not, either in his spe- 



