182 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



May 3, 1885. It has been obtained in the Mississippi bot- 

 tom by Mr. 0. C. Poling at Quincy, by Mr. Chas. K. Worthen 

 at Warsaw, and by Mr. E. S. Currier May 3, 1898, near 

 Keokuk. 



554. ZoNOTRiCHiA LEUCOPHRYS (Forst.). WMte-crowned Spar- 

 row. 



Emberiza leucophrys. Fringilla leucophrys. 



Geog. Dist. — United States and eastern British Provinces; 

 breeding from Vermont, Quebec and northeastern Minnesota 

 northward to west side of Hudson Bay and over peninsula of 

 Laborador to southern Greenland. Also throughout the high 

 mountains of western United States southward to New Mexico 

 and Arizona, north to northern California. Winters from 

 Missouri, Illinois and southern Indiana southward to south 

 central Mexico and throughout the peninsula of Lower 

 California. 



In Missouri a conmion transient visitant in all parts of the 

 state, throughout the Ozarks as well as in the swamps of the 

 southeast. Some few winter even north of the Missouri River 

 in osage orange hedges in St. Charles Co., but more commonly 

 in the southern part of the state, never in large numbers, but a 

 few individuals with Tree Sparrows and Juncos, or White- 

 throated and Fox Sparrows. The first stir among the hardy 

 Fringillidae about the middle of March brings also some White- 

 crowns to places where we had not noticed them before, but real 

 migration shows itself only after the middle of April, and even 

 then it drags on until one fine morning all Missouri is resounding 

 with their peculiar song. This occurs with great regularity be- 

 tween the fourth and eighth of May; very exceptionally earlier, 

 as April 29 and 30, 1884. They frequent open ground, fences, 

 hedges, etc., also the edge of woods, but seldom the woods them- 

 selves, and remain common and conspicuous for a few days 

 only, but their song is heard and the birds seen till May 15 to 

 18, even in the southern part of the state (latest for St. Louis, 

 May 20 and 22, 1907). The first fall migrants reach northern 

 Missouri soon after the first of October, and southern Missouri in 

 the second week of the month. The bulk is present in the third 

 and fourth weeks, and the last transients leave us in the first 

 half of November. 



