200 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis. 



males and it is generally May 3, when the song of the Scarlet 

 Tanagers becomes common in the neighborhood of St. Louis. 

 When their song ceases in July the bird becomes retiring and their 

 presence is often only indicated by their peculiar call note. 

 About the middle of September they become prominent once 

 more in their traveling dress migrating with troops of northern 

 warblers leisurely through Missouri. They are thus met with 

 occasionally to the end of the month, but loiterers are seen not 

 rarely in October, as October 6, 1905 and October 14, 1906 

 (St. Louis). 



*610. PiRANGA RUBRA (Linn.). Summer Tanager. 



Tanagra aestiva. Pyranga aestiva. Pyranga mississip-pensis. Summer 

 Redbird. 



Geog. Dist. — Eastern LTnited States, north to New Jersey, 

 Pennsylvania, Ohio, central Indiana, central Illinois, southern 

 Iowa, southeastern Nebraska; casual northward. In winter 

 to Bahamas, Cuba, eastern Mexico, Central America, northern 

 South America to Peru. 



In Missouri a common summer resident in the Ozark and 

 Ozark border region; fairly common in the prairie region, 

 becoming scarcer as the northern border is approached. Mr. 

 E. S. Currier considers it a very rare summer visitor at Keokuk 

 and never found it breeding. Mr. S. S. Wilson took a male at 

 St. Joseph, May 4, 1895, and saw one June 12, 1896. Audubon 

 saw it at Fort Leavenworth, May 4, 1843. The first arrive in 

 their haunts on the sunny hillsides of the Ozarks in the third 

 week of April; in the Ozark border region of St. Louis Co. in 

 the fourth week or, if the weather should be unfavorable, only 

 at the end of the month or early in May, when they usually 

 become common. Both species of Tanagers often occur together 

 in the same woods, but as a rule the Summer Tanager prefers 

 the hills, while the Scarlet Tanager takes to the timber in the 

 river bottoms. This species is also much more likely to become 

 reconciled with modern conditions and makes its nest in the 

 trees of villages and suburbs and partakes of our hospitality in 

 the orchard and vineyard. They remain with us to the latter 

 part of September and not a few Hnger into October (October 5, 

 1904, Shannon Co.; October 5, 1906, St. Louis). 



