PAMMEL POLLINATION OF PHLOMIS TUBEROSA. 243 



tlie middle and larger lobe of this lip, which diminishes in size 

 downward till the nectary is reached, where it disappears. In 

 addition to this o^roo\ c there are some nectar marks : two on the 

 middle lobe (one on each side of the groove), and one on each 

 of the lateral lobes. These nectar marks are colored somewhat 

 deeper than the rest of the corolla, and run to the groove, where 

 they disappear. 



There is an abundance of nectar, secreted from the well devel- 

 oped nectar-gland situated immediately underneath the pistil, in 

 the form of a fleshy outgrowth arising from the receptacle. This 

 gland is usually somewhat angled, sending up one lobe between 

 each of the lobes of the ovary (Fig. 80-/). The nectary occupies 

 the lower part of the tube of the corolla and measures 5 mm. in 

 length. Its base is 1.5 mm. wide. The tube of the corolla is 10 

 mm. long, and at its throat is 2.7 mm. in width. The tube of the 

 corolla is considerably enlarged above the nectary (Fig. 4 g) ; 

 this enlargement is not peculiar to this plant, but is also to be 

 found in Lamixim alhvm, Leonurus Gardiaca, and others. There 

 is developed at this enlargement a ring of rather stiff' hairs, which 

 excludes small insects. The occurrence of a ring of hairs above 

 the nectary is also common to other Labiates, such as Ballota 

 nigra, Stachys sylvatica, Hormium pyrenaicum, Brunella grandi- 

 flora, etc. It is also present in species belonging to widely sepa- 

 rated orders, e.g. Gobcea scandens, Bryonia alba, Pedicularis sps., 

 Echiiim, Bouvardia, etc. 



As regards dichogamy, the species seems to be slightly proter- 

 andi ous, the stamens being mature when the upper lip lies close to 

 the lower, and the style usually lengthening somewhat after this 

 period. There is indeed considerable variation in this respect. 

 Ph. Russeliana, according to Loew (61 c), is without any appa- 

 rent dichogamy, at least so far as he was able to observe. Ziami- 

 um albian and arnplexicaule, and Salvia gesneria'folia (115 a.), are 

 also without any pronounced dichogamy. On the other hand, 

 (Stachys sylvatica (82 a), Salvia splendeas (113 a), S. praten- 

 sis (82 b), and S. officinalis (83 c, 96}, are proterandrous. In 

 some cases where there is strongly marked proterandry, there 

 arise as a result gyno-dioecious species, some flowers of which are 

 small and with partially or entirely abortive stamens. In such 

 cases cross-pollination must result unless, as is sometimes the case, 



