KII.KY— REMARKS ON CANKER-WORMS, ETC. 



VERNATA. 



,>' METARIA. 



Chrysalis. 



Foimed in a simple earthen cell, 

 ie earth compressed, and lined 



with very few silken threads so as 

 to form a fragile cocoon, which 

 easily breaks to pieces. 



Male — Sparsely and shallowlv 

 pitted. Pale grayish brown, with a 

 greenish tint on the wing-sheaths, 

 which extend to the posterior edge 

 of the 5th abdominal joint: abdo- 

 men with the spine at tip generally 

 simple, and only occasionally slight- 

 ly bifurcate. 



Female — With wing-sheaths, 

 but, compared with those of the 

 male, thinner and extending only to 

 posterior edge of the 4th abdominal 

 joint : much more robust and more 

 arched dorsally, with the mesotho- 

 racic joint shorter, and much redu- 

 ced in size. Pitted like the male. 

 (Fig. 17.) 



Formed in a perfect cocoon of 

 fine, densely spun silk of a buff co- 

 lor, interwoven on the outside with 

 particles of earth ; never breaking 

 open except by force or purpose. 



Male — Not pitted. Darker 

 brown than vernata ; the wing- 

 sheaths, as in vernata, reaching to 

 the 6th abdominal joint; the anus 

 more blunt and with the spine 

 more dorsal, decurved, and alwaj-s 

 bifurcate, the prongs spreading 

 and often long and fine. (Fig. 

 21, a.) 



Female — Differs from the male 

 in the same way as vernata, but is 

 relatively stouter and more arched 

 dorsally : a broad, dusky, dorsal 

 stripe often visible toward the time 

 of issuing — all the more remarka- 

 ble that there is no such stripe on 

 the imago, whereas in vernata, 

 where the imago has such a stripe, 

 it is not indicated in the chrysalis. 

 (Fig. 21, b.) 



Imago 

 short, but dis- 



Male— Palpi 

 tinctly 2-jointed. 



Antenna: with not quite 40 joints, 

 the longest more than twice as long- 

 as wide, each with t-vo pairs of hair 

 fascicles, springing from very slight, 

 lateral elevations, the longest hair 

 about thrice the diameter of joint. 

 Looking from above, with ordinary 

 lens-power, these hairs give the ap- 

 pearance of fine, ciliate pectina- 

 tions. (Fig. 15, c.) 



Abdomen with lhe first seven joints 

 bearing each two transverse dorsal 

 rows of stiff, reddish spines, pointing 

 posteriorly. 



with 



Male — Palpi rudimentary 



joints indistinguishable. 



Antenna? with over 50 joints, the 

 longest net twice as long as w r ide, 

 each with one pair of fascicles of 

 slightly curled hairs, the longest 

 about thrice as long as the diame- 

 ter of the joint, and all springing 

 from a prominent, dark hump 

 which occupies the basal half of 

 the joint beneath, and gives a some- 

 what serrate appearance from the 

 side. The same appearance of 

 ciliate pectinations looking from 

 above. (Fig. 19, c, d.) 



Abdomen without spines and of- 

 ten with a moderate anal brush. 



