204 TRANS. ST. LOUIS ACAD. SCIENCE. 



cia Edw. (Butt, of N. A. p. 135). I know nothing of the first; 

 but from the fact that Kirby (Syn. Cat. Diurnal Lep. p. 262) con- 

 siders Clyton Boisd. a synonym, it will, perhaps, turn out a va- 

 riety of Herse Fabr. The other two are considered synonyms — 

 Proserpina of Herse and Alicia of Lycaon — by Scudder in his 

 latest published opinion (Syst. Rev. etc. p. 9) ; and from the de- 

 scriptions I should agree with him in believing them mere varie- 

 ties of the Fabrician species. It is, therefore, probable that we 

 have but the two species I have figured. 



Mr. Edwards informs me that he still considers Alicia a good 

 species ; and that he is confirmed in the belief from the fact that 

 not a single Alicia was obtained from many specimens of Lycaon 

 bred by himself last summer, or from those bred by me. But I 

 should not expect to breed Alicia far away from its locality, any 

 more than I should expect to breed the dark form of Limenitis 

 Misippus or the dark female of Papilio Turnus in the more 

 northern States. I am always suspicious of species founded on 

 slight variations when one or two individuals only have been seen. 

 Herse varies considerably, so that specimens as distinctly marked 

 as my figure are the exception, and in the female the markings 

 on the hind wings, both above and beneath, are often sufficiently 

 obsolete to give the wing a uniform appearance, with the barest 

 indication of a series of paler spots. Lycaon varies also not only 

 in the intensity of color and distinctness of the marks, but in the 

 relative size of many of the spots ; that nearest the apex and that 

 nearest the middle of the front wing being sometimes obsolete, 

 while the dark ocellar spot on the same wing, which is usually 

 simple, sometimes has a white discal speck. Mr. Edwards's Ali- 

 cia, as may readily be seen from his excellent figures, is, so far as 

 we now know, larger than the average size of Lycaon and the ge- 

 neral color is more fulvous ; but there is absolute similarity of pat- 

 tern between the two. Now as Lycaon varies both in size and 

 depth of color, we may reasonably infer that Alicia will be found 

 to do so, and that, so far as these characters go, the description 

 of Alicia is from two specimens and is of little value. The 

 average size of Lycaon, in the locality from which I write, is 

 much less than that of Herse; yet Boisduval {auctore Morris) 

 gives his celtis the same size and form as his Clyton, while Fabri- 

 cius mentions no difference in the size of his two species ; so that 



