RILEY HACKBERRY BUTTERFLIES. 20>J 



is on a plane with the longitudinal axis of the body; it is divided anteri- 

 orly, produced into a trigonate blunt point behind, and furnished along 

 the flat inferior surface with soft ferruginous hooklets, which issue from it 

 at right angles and form a long, narrow pad, united and most dense at 

 posterior extremity, but divided anteriorly. The ocellar tubercles are 

 trigonate, the sides of the abdomen slope skiff-like, joints 6, 7 and 8 ad- 

 mitting of very free side-motion by broad, smooth sutures, which narrow 

 dorsally to a point. The dorsal edge is slightly carinate, especially on 

 mesothorax, and more or less jagged, especially on abdominal joints 3-8, 

 which have their anterior edges produced into small teeth, like saw-teeth, 

 white with a polished black spot each side. A raised line starts from ante- 

 rior edge of abdominal joint 3 and thickens to wing-shoulders; another, 

 from middle of mesothorax, extends around outer edges of ocellar tubercles, 

 while another margins the hind wings. The color is pale translucent green, 

 with still paler and darker mottlings ; a series of pale oblique lines and a 

 longitudinal substigmatal one on the abdomen. The dorsal carina is yel- 

 low on the arched abdominal portion, except at anterior edges of joints 

 already described ; elsewhere it is cream-colored. The veins of wing- 

 sheaths, joints of antennie, and the raised lines, are all of the same pale 

 color. Stigmata pale and barely noticeable. 



Apatura Herse. To avoid repetition it will be best to describe Herse 

 by comparison with Lycaon. 



Egg— On. an average rather flatter on the top, with the sides more paral- 

 lel. Pale yellowish-white at first, with the marks that afterwards appear 

 around crown, fewer and never as dark as in Lycaon. Attached to the 

 underside of a leaf in batches of 300-500, generally three tiers deep. 



Larva— When newly hatched differs from Lycaon in the head being pale 

 copal-yellow and translucent; the jaws are brown and the ocelli spots 

 black; the anal horns are scarcely perceptible; the pale hairs from pilifer- 

 ous spots are nearly as long as the diameter of the body. Before the first 

 molt takes place the characteristics of second stage begin to show. In the 

 second stage it is easily distinguished from Lycaon by being longitudinally 

 striped superiorly with 8 pale and 7 dark stripes, or, in other words, instead 

 of the subdorsal pale stripes connecting transversely on the anterior annu- 

 lets, there is amedio-dorsal dark, continuous line, bordered each side with 

 a pale one, and the supra- stigmatal line is straight instead of wavy. The 

 head has stouter lateral spines and is more pilose. It is yellowish and often 

 with brown marks in front of the horns and around the mouth. In the third 

 stage the colors are yet more intense and the antlers lengthen, and, com- 

 pared with Lycaon, the base of these antlers is stouter, so as to give a 

 straighter appearance to the sides of the head, which are more stoutly 

 spined and thickly pilose. In the succeeding changes these characters are 

 little altered, except that the head becomes greener, the papilla? more con- 

 spicuous, and the medio-dorsal dark stripe proportionally narrower. The 

 mature larva may be thus described : 



