480 TRANS. ST. LOUIS ACAD. SCIENCE. 



der, and since he may have marched eastwardly, during these 1 1 

 days, 40 geographical miles, the difference of time is to be dimin- 

 ished by about 3 hours. The U lay 9 , according to our Table 

 nearly (p. 429) 14 W. This eclipse agrees with the reporters. 

 First, it was indeed a small one ; it occurred a short time before 

 sunrise ; the sun stood then among the eastern stars of Leo, near 

 Virgo ; the eclipse happened during Boedromion (Aug., p. 40S), 

 as Arrian teaches. Further, since the archons of this time ruled, 

 as we have seen, two years later, Aristophanes belongs to — 32S. 

 Finally, a few months prior to the battle near Arbela, Alexandria 

 was founded, and this event Solinus (32 & 42) refers to the con- 

 suls Luc. Pap. Cursor and C. Poetilius in — 328, and to Ol. 112, 

 [1,] that is again to — 328 (p. 432). 



The two-years earlier eclipse in — 330, Sept. 20th, erroneously 

 referred to the battle at Arbela, is mentioned by the following 

 authors: Pliny (H. N. ii. 70=72) says, " nobili apud Arbelam 

 Magni Alexandri victoria luna defecisse noctis secunda hora pro- 

 dita est, eaque in Sicilia oriens." Ptolemy (Geogr. i. 4) puts the 

 same eclipse in the 5th hour (iv ' Apftrjloic, Tzkp.nx7jZ &pa<; (pavrj- 

 vai, iv ok Kapffldove dsuripat;). Plutarch (Alex. 31) refers this 

 eclipse to Boedromion, and to the beginning of the mysteria in 

 Athens (rtspc rrjv rtov juoarspuov rwv Wfr-qvTjOtv upyyv). Cur- 

 tius (Hist. Alex. iv. 10) reports: "prima fei-e vigilia luna defi- 

 ciens primum nitorem sideris sui condidit, deinde sanguinis colore 

 suffusum lumen omne fcedavit." Plutarch, referring the eclipse 

 to the beginning of the mysteria celebrated according to lunar 

 months, it is evident that Boedromion means the lunar month 

 which corresponded with September, because in the course of the 

 preceding year a lunar month had been intercalated. This total 

 eclipse of the moon, then, belongs to — 330, Sept. 20th, 7h. 30m., 

 ft 4°E. ; according to Petavius, 5I1. 47m., or 6h. 31m. The sun 

 then rising in Arbela 3I1. 40m. P. T., this eclipse agrees with our 

 Table, p. 429-30: for the opposition took place 3h. 19m. later; 

 consequently the eclipse was perceived a short time prior to mid- 

 night in Arbela, which agrees with Ptolemy. Besides it is easily 

 explained how it came to pass that the later authors antedated by 

 two years the battle near Arbela ; for in later times, as we have 

 seen, the practice of counting the Olympiads from 775, instead of 

 773, prevailed. 



