50O TRANS. ST. LOUIS ACAD. SCIENCE. 



tapers both ways ; the legs are shortened and thickened, the corneous 

 plates give way to fleshy wrinkles ; the dorsal spinous hairs to a few weaker 

 ones ; the lateral ones are still stout and the anal seta; are lost. Protho- 

 racic joint faintly corneous ; antennae with basal joint longest, 2nd joint 

 short, and the unarmed apical tubercle longer than the other : the maxillae 

 are totally changed, having a rudimentary 2-jointed palpus and an inner 

 lobe; the labium is not much altered, but the two inferior claws of tarsus 

 have become tibial spines. The color is white and the skin is seen to be 

 finely granulated under a strong power, while the stigmata are more easily 

 discerned. Scarabceidoid Stage — With the second molt the trophi are 

 still more shortened, the legs more rudimentary, the wrinkles of body more 

 pronounced, and the general aspect is that of the typical Scarabaeid larva. 

 The head is faintly mottled. The jaws have anteriorly a large obtuse tooth, 

 which still shows, more or l.ess distinctly, the minute teeth of the first larva. 

 The body is cream-white in color, and devoid of strong or spinous hairs, 

 but sparsely covered instead with short setaceous points. A third molt 

 takes place with little change, except that the dorsal wrinkles are evenly 

 beset with tolerably dense, closely shorn, fulvous, setaceous hairs. Ulti- 

 mate Stage— A fourth molt produces little change in general appearance, 

 except that the color becomes more yellowish. The full-grown larva pre- 

 sents the following characteristics : Body soft, curved, largest in middle, 

 tapering slightly toward head, more rapidly toward anus ; heavily wrinkled 

 transversely, and with a prominent lateral submonoliform fold ; the soft 

 parts evenly covered, except at sutures and on venter, with dense, ferrugin- 

 ous, setaceous points. Head slightly retractile, about half as wide as joint 

 i, with no distinct sutures, but with two b'-shaped impressions on the face, 

 and one running a short distance from base of mandibles, relieving the 

 cheeks : color pale yellow, shaded with spots of a deeper yellowish-brown, 

 which spots are most intense in the depressions, and in some specimens 

 relieve a distinct, pale, Y-shaped line. Trophi much as in second larva, 

 except that they are shortened, thickened, and less perfect. A slightly 

 chitinised cervical shield, with a few faint ferruginous spots along middle, 

 relieving a- pale line. Legs with no distinct claws, and covered with the 

 similar dense setaceous points that occur on other parts. A brown, horny, 

 convex breastplate (already noticeable in the second larva) runs from the 

 head on the front part of joint i ventrally. Stigmata light brown, the first 

 pair on an anterior mesothoracic fold, the others, on joints 4-1 1 inclusive, 

 just above the lateral fold. 



Coarctate or Quiescent Larva. — Length 7 to 8.5 mm. Dorsum regu- 

 larly arched, the transverse segmental sutures but faintly indicated. Ven- 

 ter convex, with transverse sutures still more faint; bulging at thoracic 

 joints. Lateral outline elongate-ovate. Depth at joint 6 (from dorsum to 

 venter) rather less than \ the length, diminishing thence slightly to anal 

 joint. Width at joint 6, J the length. A prominent longitudinal, lateral, 

 rounded ridge, faintly constricted at segmental sutures and reaching from 

 base of joint 4 to end of joint 11. Head small, well separated ventrally 



