59§ TRANS. ST. LOUIS ACAD. SCIENCE. 



lines wide, 11 high, with pointed bracts, seed with narrow wings, as in 

 the species, but larger) brought home, indicate a large cone, such as he 

 describes as 6 inches long and 2^ thick. S. Watson and lately A. L. Slier 

 collected a similar form on the Wasatch Mountains ; but the loose broad 

 scales sent by the former may possibly belong to concolor, which grows 

 in the same region. The mere fragments of this interesting form, seen by 

 me, do not permit me to give more than the above indications. 



This species has troubled botanists considerably. It is probable that 

 Hooker's lasiocarpa belongs here, as a branchlet together with a few scales, 

 preserved under that name in the Kew Herbarium, seems to point out; but 

 the description in the Flor. B. A., which mentions the leaves as the long- 

 est of any N. A. Abies, refers perhaps to something else, and has certainly 

 given cause for the application of the name to the long-leaved forms of 

 concolor in the English nurseries. Then, in 1863, A. Murray distinguished 

 a form of this species, collected by Lyall in British Columbia and on the 

 Upper Columbia River, as A. bifolia, recognizing the different forms of 

 foliage, but misapplying the scientific name. About the same time speci- 

 mens and seeds from Colorado were distributed by Dr. Parry and by E. 

 Hall as A. grandis, and may now be cultivated as such in Europe. That 

 Parlatore and others have taken it for amabilis has already been stated. 



4. A. grandis (Pinus, Douglass Mss., 1830, and in Bot. Mag. Comp. 

 2, 147, 1836; Pari. 1. c. 427), Lindl. Pen. Cyc. n.3 (1833), Link, etc.— This 

 is one of the tallest firs known and therefore properly named grandis by 

 Douglas, a tree up to 200 and frequently 240 (Nuttall) or even 300 feet 

 high (E. Hall), but in diameter less than some others, perhaps not more 

 than 4 feet; bark smooth and brownish (Nuttall); wood white, soft, and 

 coarse: a native of the litoral regions of the northwest coast, from Cape 

 Mendocino in California, Bolander, Vasey, which seems to be the south- 

 ern limit of several northern trees, to the British Possessions (in Vancou- 

 ver's Island as A. Gordoniana Carr.) at least as far north as Fraser's River, 

 Jeffrey, Lyall. But, common and valuable as this timber tree is in Ore- 

 gon, very little information about it has reached us, and its cones seem to 

 be almost unknown in collections.— The foliage is glossy green, without 

 stomata above, and with 2 well marked white bands, each of 7-10 rows, 

 below; leaves mostly 1-2 inches long, more markedly distichous, at least 

 in the sterile branchlets, than in most other of our species, strongly 

 grooved and notched; leaves on the fertile branchlets similar but rather 

 shorter, and occasionally rounded at tip. The hypoderm cells are scat- 

 tered all over the upper surface of the leaf, forming an interrupted stratum 

 under the epidermis; on the sides and keel they are, mostly, only moder- 

 ately developed. Cones cylindric, 2-4 inches long, with broad scales 

 (nearly twice as broad as they are high), and short, bilobed or 2-auriculate 

 bracts, with or without a short mucro. Seeds with a broad, very oblique 

 wing, almost as broad as it is long. 



This species is cultivated in European gardens from Douglas' seeds, 

 sent home 45 years ago; in the Edinburgh bot. garden under its proper 



