HOLMES DISTRIBUTION OF THE HUMAN RACE. 



15 



upon the Polynesians bring him to a similar result. Such also 

 appears to be the opinion of M. Hamy. There are indeed dif- 

 ferent shades of color among the negroes as well as among the 

 brown or the yellow races. Nevertheless, when the probable 

 course of migration and geographical distribution is duly consid- 

 ered, the general distinction of black, brown and yellow bands 

 of color becomes as apparent as is the distinction of the white 

 band of color and type of the still more northern Caucasian race 

 from all the rest. This distinction of bands of color and type is 

 strongly confirmed by the observations of Dr. E. Lambert of the 

 Royal Academy of Belgium upon the differences in the structure 

 and size of the teeth in these several divisions of race ; and, in 

 this respect, the ascending scale of evolution in the order of black, 

 brown, yellow, and white, is distinctly manifest. Such anoma- 

 lous peoples as the Esquimaux, the Australian negroes, the Hot- 

 tentots, and the Fuegeans, are to be regarded as survivals of the 

 older races, which have been crowded into the outer extremes in 

 very remote epochs ; and so, in reference to these several bands 

 of color, their existence in these opposite localities is rather con- 

 firmatory than exceptional. 



The three distinct species of the human family defined by M. 

 Topinard* admit of arrangement in a corresponding order, thus : 



I. Black. More dolichocephalic, black skin, hair flat and rolled to a 

 spiral, very prognathous, radius long, buttocks pi-ominent, breasts (in fe- 

 male) elongated. 



II. Yellow. Brachycephalic, low stature, yellowish skin, broad-flat 

 base, oblique eyes with contracted eyelids, hair scanty, coarse and (in sec- 

 tion) round. 



III. White. Dolichocephalic, tall stature, fair complexion, narrow 

 face projecting on the median line, hair abundant, soft, light color, and 

 (in section) elliptical. 



M. Topinard does not undertake to make a distinct species of 

 the brown and reddish-brown races. He regards the Berber type 

 as composed of a brown autochthonous ground-work and a mix- 

 ture with northern blonde whites, eastern Arabs, and southern 

 negroes. The Berber type may have been composed in that way ; 

 but the brown autocthonous ground-work is not thus accounted 

 for. It is perhaps possible that a brown type may have been 



* Anthropology, by Hartley, p. S"- 



