l82 TRANS. ST. LOUIS ACAD SCIENCE. 



26. P. T/iutibergii, Parlat. This is P. Masso?itafta, Sieb. & Zucc, and 

 of many authors and many gardens, but is easily distinguished by its stout- 

 er, shorter leaves with parenchymatous ducts. It seems peculiar to Japan, 

 though cultivated in Australia, whence P. Ausfralaitaca, Steud., an origi- 

 nal specimen of which I have been able to examine in Herb. Cosson. Its 

 parenchymatous ducts distinguish this species at once from any other Japa- 

 nese pine and place it near P. Laricio. 



27. P. coiitorta. Dough, is a little out of place here and evidently be- 

 longs nearer to the next group, but it has the subterminal cones of this. 

 Like its American allies it is destitute of strengthening cells about the 

 ducts, which character distinguishes it at once from its Old World 

 associates, and so do the subulate points of the female scales. The low- 

 growing narrow-leaved coast form, which is found along the Pacific from 

 Northern California to Alaska is the original P. coutoria, Douglas (from 

 the mouth of the Columbia river) and P. Bolatidert, Parlat. (from Mendo- 

 cino, California) ; it is a regular seaside tree, an excellent screen against 

 the Pacific storms and their salt spray, just as P. Halepensis is on the 

 Mediterranean ; its leaves are often entirely destitute of ducts. The broader- 

 leaved mountain form is P. Murrayana, Murr., as Jefl:"rey's original speci- 

 mens prove, which come from the sierras; P. muricata,\\\\h which Parla- 

 tore unites it, is very different and belongs to the coast region; this broad- 

 leaved form extends to Oregon and to the Rocky Mountains. While the 

 forms of the coast and of the Rocky Mountains have very knobby, oblique, 

 serotinous, and persistent cones (see p. 172), those of the sierras have occa- 

 sionally more regular, less tuberculated, readily opening and deciduous 

 cones, without being otherwise distinguishable (C. 6". Sat gent). The wood 

 of this species is white and soft, and the tree is therefore often called white 

 pine or spruce-pine. 



28. P. Sabiniana, Dougl. and P. Conlferi. Don {tnacrocarpa, L/'ndl.) 

 cannot be confounded by those that have been able to compare both grow- 

 ing; both have very large cones with spurred apophyses and large edible 

 seeds, but the cones of Sabiniana are shorter, thicker, dark mahogany- 

 brown ; the seeds larger, 9-12 lines long, almost cylindrical, with much 

 shorter wings : those of P. Coiilteri are more slender, of a paler leather 

 color, the seeds shorter, 6-8 lines long, and their wings longer. P. Sabi- 

 niana makes a round-topped tree with spreading branches and looser, 

 more slender and lighter foliage on glaucous branchlets ; P. Coult&ri is 

 a more conical tree with rigid brown-green branches and denser, coarser 

 and darker foliage. The seeds o{ P. Sabiniana are or have been a most 

 important article of subsistence for the Indians. 



29. P. iiisigtiis, Dougl., distinguished by its fresh green foliage and 

 closely and strongly serrulate leaves. Cones generally thick and very ob- 

 lique, with the scales of the outer side large and thick, and on the inner 

 side smaller and flat; some cones are more regular, all the scales nearly 

 equally flat. For the synonymy I refer to Flor. Calif. 2, 127, repeating: 

 here only that the original P. tubercidaia, Don, is founded on an unusu- 



