ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



friends for the time they have spent and the clear and detailed guidance they 

 have given me. 



The chapters on perception and memory lean heavily on discussions with J. 

 Ford Bell, Jr., of Minneapolis, and Dr. Robert Galambos, of Walter Reed Medical 

 Center. J. Donald Smith, of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, helped with the 

 chapter on oceanic migration. Glenn L. Martin and G. S. Trimble, Jr., of the 

 Glenn L. Martin Company, read the chapters on "The Aerial Environment" and 

 "The Dimensions of Travel," presenting a number of important suggestions. 

 Edward G. Wellein, of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, also assisted me with 

 these chapters. The original studies of blindfolded birds were made by William 

 Carrick, of the Royal Ontario Museum. Aldo Missio, of the Royal Canadian Air 

 Force Weather Station, Macdonald, Manitoba, advised me on the interpretation 

 of meteorological data. The shape of the final discussion in chapters 11 and 15 

 was greatly influenced by the 1955 visit to Delta of Dr. G. V. T. Matthews, of 

 the Wildfowl Trust. Dr. John E. Cushing and Peter Scott, M.B.E., D.S.C., inspired 

 many ideas developed in the chapters on tradition. Robert M. Gaylord and 

 Arthur S. Hawkins gave me good advice for Chapter 19. Dr. Herbert Friedmann, 

 of the U.S. National Museum, Dr. M. D. F. Udvardy, of the University of British 

 Columbia, and Mrs. Nice guided me to important European literature. The fol- 

 lowing persons have all given me critical readings and detailed suggestions: 

 Bessie Schenck Bunten, Washington, D.C.; Eugene F. Bossenmaier, University of 

 Minnesota; Dr. Warren W. Chase, University of Michigan; Dr. Nicholas E. 

 Collias, Illinois College; Graham Cooch, J. Bernard Gollop, and Nolan G. Perret, 

 Canadian Wildlife Service; Dr. Ian McTaggart Cowan, University of British 

 Columbia; Dr. William H. Elder, University of Missouri; C. R. Gutermuth and 

 James B. Trefethen, Wildlife Management Institute; Merrill C. Hammond and 

 John C. Lynch, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Dr. Eckhard H. Hess, University 

 of Chicago; Dr. J. J. Hickey, University of Wisconsin; A. G. Lawrence, Winnipeg 

 Free Press; G. W. Malaher, Manitoba Game and Fisheries Branch; H. W. Murdy, 

 South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks; Dr. H. T. Odum, Yale Uni- 

 versity; Father P. M. Plunkett and Father C. C. Ryan, St. Paul's College, 

 Winnipeg; Carl D. Shoemaker, National Wildlife Federation, and Walker Van 

 Riper, Colorado Museum of Natural History. But I must not carry this list further, 

 for there are many more who have helped, these having been mentioned in the 

 text or thanked personally. 



I thank Doris E. Franklin and Jane McCarthy, of the University of Minnesota 

 Press, for the warm and sympathetic manner in which they have shaped the 

 book from manuscript and drawings. Aileen Burton, Pat Martin, and Doris Weller 

 typed parts of the many manuscripts. Beverly Dillon, Brenda McKinney, and 

 Dorothy Richardson, together with Dr. Fred Cadham, helped me with the proof. 

 I am indebted to members of the Station staff, especially Norman Godfrey, Nan 



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