FREE APPENDAGES — MAMMALS 



299 



The Artiodactyle feet (fig. 322) are characteristic in the fusion of meta- 

 carpals and metatarsals 3 and 4 to a cannon bone which shows its double origin, 

 especially at the distal end, in Suina and Hippopotamus. Metacarpals 2 and 5 

 are rudimentary in Ruminants, lacking in Tylopoda and Moschus, the corre- 

 sponding metatarsals being rudimentary in Ruminants, absent in others. The 

 feet have at most four digits, 2 and 4 with hoofs in swine, although not reaching 



Fig. 322. — Feel of Artiodactyls: A, Fore ^'oot of Phacochcerus; B, fore foot of Oryx; 

 C'CC, fore and hind feet of Auchenia; D, hind foot of Sus (Weber, '04). Letters as in 

 figure 321. 



the ground. Dicotyles has 5 reduced, leaving but three digits in the hind foot. 

 Tylopoda, giraffes and some antelopes have lost all but 2 and 3. Tylopoda 

 have no true hoofs and the digits bear horny pads, and in these and in Hippo- 

 potamus a part of the manus rests on the ground. Many extinct Artiodactyls 

 have somewhat similar semiplantigrade feet. 



Hyracoidea have slender limbs. The rather long humerus has a large lateral 

 tuberosity and a large fossa for the olecranon. Radius and ulna are strong and 



