Vlll CONTENTS 



Page 



Development of the Skin 114 



Finger-prints and Their Meaning 115 



Appendages of the Integument 116 



Horny Scales 117 



Horns 118 



Nails, Claws, and Hoofs 118 



Feathers 119 



Hairs 120 



Pigment 123 



Cutaneous Glands 125 



5. Teeth 129 



Evolution of Teeth 129 



Evolution of Compound Teeth 133 



Teeth of Mammals 134 



Teeth of Man 139 



Development of Teeth 141 



6. The Skeletal System 145 



The Axial Skeleton 146 



The Appendicular Skeleton 177 



Evolution of Paired Appendages 177 



Summary of Skeletal Evolution . ■ 182 



The Appendicular Skeleton in Man 186 



Development of the Appendicular Skeleton 187 



7. The Muscular System 191 



Evolution of the Muscular System 193 



Muscles in Man 204 



Development of the Muscles 205 



8. The Digestive System 215 



Evolution of the Digestive System 215 



The Human Digestive System 217 



9. The Respiratory System 245 



Introduction 245 



The Branchial System 246 



The Pulmonary System 253 



10. The Vascular System 262 



Evolution of the Blood Vessels 262 



Evolution of the Heart 275 



