IMMUNE RESPONSE IN COLD EXPOSURE 



different, and that is in the neurological and psychological re- 

 sponse. When you talk about man, you have to introduce those 

 factors, also. 



BERRY: You are not excluding the psychological factor in 

 animals, are you? 



REINHARD: No, but they are quantitatively, and sometimes 

 qualitatively different. 



VIERECK: I completely agree with these comments by Dr. 

 Reinhard. One type of baseline experiment would be to expose 

 the animal to the cold temperature and measure food intake 

 over a period of days. I think it is accepted that if the animals 

 consume considerably more food, their metabolism has been 

 higher and they have been under a sort of stress. Then this 

 brings to mind another question. Some animals have been treated 

 in this way, and they do indeed eat more food at certain low 

 temperatures; thus they are eating more protein, and if an ani- 

 mal is consuming more protein for a period of time, will this, 

 all by itself, affect the serum protein electrophoresis patterns 

 regardless of cold exposure? In other words, could cold act 

 via food intake? The protein turnover might be higher whether 

 the stress were cold or whether it were something else. 



SULKIN: This is precisely why I asked Dr. Campbell earlier 

 whether he did the experiments with the arctic ground squirrels 

 just at the time that they were going into hibernation. A bat just 

 going into hibernation is not a stressed animal. However, if 

 you are dealing with the same bat species in the cold room in 

 the summertime, he is then in a state of hypothermia, and is 

 in a stressed condition. While I don't intend to talk about electro- 

 phoretic changes, we have data showir^ that there is a differ- 

 ence in the analysis made in hypothermic bats and in hibernating 

 bats, so it is important to emphasize the animal host and the 

 season of the year. 



TRAPANI: Is it a qualitative or quantitative difference? Do 

 you pick up different components or the same components in 

 different amounts? 



131 



