TUNEVALL AND LINDNER 



would survive infection with Western equine virus if they were 

 kept under anesthesia for prolonged periods of time, and further- 

 more, by using hyper-immune serum additional animals would 

 survive.3 



CAMPBELL: What is your prolonged period of time? 



SULKIN: Three 4- hour periods of diethyl ether anesthesia 

 were used. A similar underlying mechanism may be involved, 

 since during anesthesia the temperature falls as a result of 

 diminished muscular activity and increased heat loss. 



BLAIR: I think this is a very interesting piece of work, and 

 while the experimental model, Dr. Tunevall, is quite differ- 

 ent than the one which I will discuss the day after tomorrow, 

 I believe that the philosophies are probably going to be quite 

 similar. There are two probable foci of activity, one which 

 you have emphasized; that dealing with the toxin- antitoxin ac- 

 tivity, that is, the activity of the organism depending on the 

 organism itself. And of course, the other site of action is the 

 host itself; that is, the overall physiological integrity of the 

 host as a result of the induced infection. I think that the point 

 that you made is that hypothermia seemed to postpone the ac- 

 tivities. I have found this to be very much the same situation, 

 usir^ gram negative coliform bacillus in my own studies. I hate 

 to give away all my thunder, but I think it is apropos since your 

 work does dovetail so well with it. It is simply that the hypo- 

 thermia doesn't really alter these things to a tremendous ex- 

 tent permanently. It is particularly striking that upon rewarming 

 there was a very high death rate. This re- emphasizes the mat- 

 ter somewhat and the picture of death and prevalent death is 

 identical upon rewarming. 



BLAIR: The point is, that we have to consider very care- 

 fully the level of hypothermia that we are talking about, and 

 using in the experimental model, particularly with relation to 

 overall physiological changes as presumably benefits the un- 



3 Sulkin et al. 1945. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 60: 163-165. 



148 



