HYPOTHERMIA AND BACTERIAL TOXINS 



fortunate situation which it creates, and then, of course, the 

 level of hypothermia which may have a more direct effect upon 

 the organisms in question, 



PREVITE: I am curious, Dr. Tunevall, as to why you didn't 

 make your nor mother mic mice swim for two hours in a water 

 bath at thirty- seven degrees just to make the two groups com- 

 parable. You tied the mice down and made them swim in cold 

 water, but not warm water. 



TUNEVALL: I don't know how to get them to stay in the water 

 bath. 



MIRAGLIA: If you place the animals in the containers that 

 have very smooth vertical sides, there is no difficulty in keepir^ 

 the animal swimming continuously for over an hour, 



MONCRIEF: At Denver, they tried that and they just stif- 

 fened their tails up and stood on them, or else balanced their 

 chins and their tails on both sides of the container. 



BLAIR: Apparently I should harbor resentment. Dr. Tune- 

 vall, in your initial observation that the cart came before the 

 horse with regard to using hypothermia. I have been "guilty". 

 I refuse to take the stand or stand court trial on this, but hypo- 

 thermia probably has been exercised rather liberally with patients 

 before there has been, shall we say, adequate research or ex- 

 perimental investigation. I do wish to state, though, that there 

 has been a tremendous amount of research in hypothermia for 

 many years before this modern, so-called era of clinical ap- 

 plication. But it is true, however, that there are many facets 

 that we know very little about, particularly with regard to in- 

 fections, on the hazards of hypothermia. Part of this has been 

 demonstrated by virtue of the fact that there has been a good 

 deal of difference as reported on results and literature on ex- 

 perimentally induced infections using pheumococcus, for example. 

 The animals were cooled — I believe these were mice — to 

 very profound levels of 20° C. While there was one report of 

 some improvement of survival, actually there were other re- 

 ports which indicated a higher death rate. I think that Dr. Eisman 



149 



