i6o 



GROWTH 



part on transplanting living ovaries. In 191 2 the first purified 

 alcoholic extract of ovarian tissue was proven to have an in- 

 fluence on those growths of reproductive tissue associated in the 

 oestrous cycle in mammals. 



Hermann and Frankel 13 in 1 9 1 5 perfected methods for pre- 

 paring and purifying an active ovarian extract. This prepara- 

 tion injected into females actively stimulated growth of parts 

 of the uterus, the uterine tubes, and other structures of the re- 

 productive system. It also 

 stimulated premature sexual 

 growth in immature animals, 

 and induced the physiologi- 

 cal phenomena of oestrus. 



Dr. Edgar Allen, my col- 

 league of the Department of 

 Anatomy, of the University 

 of Missouri, collaborating 

 with Dr. E. A. Doisy of St. 

 Louis University, in 1923 14 

 began publication of their 

 numerous investigations on 

 this subject. They quickly 

 demonstrated an active fol- 

 licular hormone present in the follicular fluid of the pig's ovary. 

 This they purified and tested by the latest physiological and 

 morphological methods. They did not find the substance in the 

 corpus luteum of the pig. But Allen has now shown that it is 

 present in the follicles from a variety of animals, including the 

 pig, cow, sheep, hen, and human. 



Allen 14 has clearly demonstrated that this hormone is re- 

 sponsible for stimulating the definite growth cycles in particular 

 tissues of the female reproductive organs. The walls and lining 

 membranes of the uterus and vagina hypertrophy when the 

 follicular extract is injected into the body. The hormone is dis- 

 tributed by the circulation, stimulates a growth cycle in the epi- 



Figure S3. The effect of artificial injections of 

 ovarian hormone in stimulating growth of 

 the lining membranes of the female reproduc- 

 tive system in spayed rats. (A) Epithelium of 

 the uterus of the control rat. (B) The same 

 thirty-six hours after injecting hormone. (C) 

 Forty-eight hours after injecting hormone. 

 After Allen. By permission of the Journal 

 of the American Medical Association. 



