FOREST STAND IMPROVEMENT WORK IN WOODLANDS 779 



3. Elimination of trees that are diseased, of poor form or of species of little value 

 for game or forestry wherever they are retarding the development of more de- 

 sirable species 



4. Harvesting merchantable timber 



B. In units in which the dominant use is to produce forest products 



1. Improvement of composition by weeding in young stands, both natural and planted 



2. Thinning in even-aged stands of pole size 



3. Elimination of trees that are diseased, of poor form or of species having little 

 value for timber or wildlife 



4. Harvesting merchantable timber 



Cutting Policy 



A. As regards composition 



1. On any given site, in accordance with the relative importance of the two major 

 objectives, favor the following species: 



a. For forest products 



1. White pine 7. Hard maple 



2. Red pine 8. Black cherry 



3. Hemlock 9. Hickory 



4. Spruce 10. Black locust 



5. Oaks 11. Basswood 



6. White ash 12. Beech 



b. For game shelter 



1. Hemlock 5. White Cedar 



2. Sjjruce 6. Mountain laurel 



3. Pine 7. Yew 



4. Balsam 8. Common Juniper 



9. Den trees — beech, maple, basswood. etc. 



c. For game food 



1. Fruit tree species such as apple and pear 



2. Mast producers such as beech, hazelnuts and oak 



3. Nut producers, such as hickory, walnut and butternut 



4. Pulpy fruit producers such as cherry, mountain ash. shadbush. hawthorne, 

 viburnum, dogwood, mulberry. e!<lerberr\ and blueberry 



5. Budded species such as birches, hop hornbeam, and popple 



6. Browse species such as cedar, hemlock, yellow birch, red maple, striped 



maple, witch hobble and vew (Taxus) 



2. In all cuttings regardless of purpose, at least 5-10 indi\iiluals of each of two or 

 more species from the secondary use group should he left per acre when found 

 growing naturally, and. where possible, in addition to conifers. Wherever they 

 occur in sufficient numbers, several ironwood (Ostrva) should be left per acre. 



3. In managing the hemlock — hardwood association, it is necessary to secure hem- 

 lock reproduction before the final cutting is made. If the stands are even-aged, a 



