102 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



Range. — Breeds from the Arctic Circle to the coasts of Europe, the 

 Black Sea, and Turkestan. Winters southward to the coasts of central Africa 

 and India. Occasional in Greenland (Julianehaab, Gotthaab, and Nenor- 

 talik).! [Closely allied races occur in eastern Asia and Australia.] 



Haematopus palliatus palliatusTEMMiNCK. American Oyster-catcher. [286.] 



Haematopus palliatus Temminck, Manuel d'Orn., ed. 2, II, 1820, 532. 

 {k I'Am^rique meridionale = South America.) 



Range. — Atlantic and Gulf coasts from Virginia (casually New Jersey, 

 Massachusetts, and New Brunswick) to Texas and Brazil, the West Indies 

 (except the Bahama Islands), and the Pacific coast from Tehuantepec, Mexico, 

 to the Gulf of Panama and Colombia; breeds locally throughout its range- 

 Winters from Virginia southward. 



Haematopus palliatus frazari Brewster. Frazar's Oyster-catcher. [286.1.] 



Hsematopus frazari Brewster, Auk, V, No. 1, Jan., 1888, 84. (Carmen 

 Island, Gulf of California.) 



Range. — Pacific and Gulf coasts and islands of Lower California, southward 

 along the west coast of Mexico to Tepic and Jalisco; casually to Guerrero; 

 formerly north to Ventura County, California. 



[Additional races of H. palliatus occur in South America, the Bahamas, and 

 the Galapagos.) 



Haematopus bachmani AuDtfBON. Black Oyster-catcher. [287.] 



Haematopus Bachmani Audubon, Birds Amer. (folio), IV, 1838, pi. 427, 

 fig. 1 (Orn. Biog., V, 1839, 245). (Mouth of the Columbia River.) 



Range. — Breeds from Prince William Sound, Alaska, west throughout the 

 Aleutian Islands and south to the west coast of central Lower California. 

 Winters from the coasts of southern Alaska (Dixon Entrance, etc.) and British 

 Columbia to Lower California. 



Family CHARADRIIDAE. Plovers, Turnstones, and 

 Surf-birds. 



Subfamily VANELLINAE. Lapwings. 



Genus VANELLUS Brisson. 



Vanellus Brisson, Orn,, 1760, I, 48; V, 94. Type, by tautonymy, 

 Vanellus Brisson = Tringa vanellus Linnaeus. 



• Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus). Lapwing. [269.] 



Tringa Vanellus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed, XO, I, 1758, 148. (in Europa, 

 Africa = Sweden.) 



1 Reinhardt, Ibis, 1861, 9. 



