36 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



Genus CYGNUS Bechstein. 



Cygnus Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. Deutschl., II, 1803, 404, footnote. 

 Type, by tautonymy, A7ias cygnus Linnaeus. 



Subgenus CYGNUS Bechstein. 



• Cygnus cygnus (Linnaeus). Whooper Swan. [179.] 



Anas cygnus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758, 122. (in Europa, 

 America septentrionali = Sweden.) 



Range. — -Breeds from Iceland (and formerly Great Britain) across northern 

 Europe and Asia to eastern Siberia and the Commander Islands, south to lat . 

 62° in Europe, and lat. G5° in Siberia. Winters south to southern Europe and 

 Persia, rarely to northern Africa and India. Casual in Greenland (Atangmik, 

 Godthaab, Ingtuk, and Arsuk) ^ where it formerly bred. 



Cygnus columbianus (Ord). Whistling Swan. [180.] 



Anas columbianus Ord, in Guthrie, Geog., 2d Amer. ed., 1815, 319. 

 Based on the Whistling Swan Lewis and Clark, Hist. Exped. Rocky 

 Mts. and Pacif., II, 192. (Below the great narrows of the Columbia 

 River.) 



Range. — Breeds mainly north of the Arctic Circle from northern Alaska to 

 Baffin Island, south to the barren grounds of Canada, the Alaska Peninsula, 

 northeastern Siberia, and St. Lawrence Island. Winters on Chesapeake Bay and 

 its estuaries, on Currituck Sound and vicinity, North Carolina, and less num- 

 erously elsewhere on the Atlantic coast from Massachusetts to Florida, and 

 formerly, at least, on the Gulf coast of Louisiana and Te.xas; also on the Pacific 

 coast from southern Alaska to northern Lower California; migrates through 

 Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, New York (Lake Erie and Niagara River), 

 Ontario, Michigan (Detroit River), western Wisconsin, Minnesota, North 

 Dakota, and occasionally ip Utah. Casual in Bermuda, Commander Islands, 

 and Mexico. 



Subgenus CLANGOCYCNUS Oberholser. 



Clangocycnus Oberholser, Emu, VIII, Pt. 1, July, 1908, 3. Type, by 

 monotypy, Cygnus buccinator Richardson. 



Cygnus buccinator Richardson. Trumpeter Swan. [181.] 



Cygnus buccinator Richardson, in Wilson and Bonaparte, Amer. Orn., 

 Jameson ed., IV, Aug., 1831, 345. (Hudson Bay.) 



Range.— Bred formerly from Alaska (Fort Y'ukon), northern Mackenzie, 

 and James Bay south to British Columbia, Alberta, western Montana, Mani- 

 toba, Wyoming, Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, and Indiana. Wintered formerly 

 from west-central British Columbia and the central Mississippi Valley to the 



1 Bent, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 130, 1925, 280. 



