ORDER CHARADRIIFORMES. 125 



Island. Winters in Chile, Argentina, Patagonia, and the Falkland Islands; in 

 migration occurs principally east of the Great Plains, more commonly on the 

 Atlantic coast in autumn and in the Mississippi Valley in spring; rare in Canada 

 south of the prairie region. Casual in Bermuda. 



• Limosa limosa limosa (Linnaeus). Black-tailed Godwit. [252.] 



Scolopax Limosa Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, 147. (in Europa = 

 Sweden.) 



Range. — Breeds from Holland, western Russia, and Siberia at least as far 

 north as Iceland and the Arctic Circle. Winters in the Mediterranean region 

 and to Ceylon and southern Africa. Accidental in Greenland.^ [A closely 

 allied race occurs in eastern Siberia.] 



Genus PHILOMACHUS Anonymous. 



Philomachus Anonymous, Allgem. Lit.-Zeitung, II, No. 168, June 8, 1804, 

 col. 542. Type, by monotypy, Tringa -piignax Linnaeus. 



• Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus). Ruff. [260.] 



Tringa Pugnax Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758, 148. (in Europa 

 minus boreali = southern Sweden.) 



Range. — Breeds from Russia and Siberia to Great Britain (rarely) and from 

 Lapland to Holland, Belgium, northern France, Bavaria, and Hungary. 

 Winters throughout Africa, and in India, Ceylon, Borneo, and Burma. Strays 

 occasionally to the Western Hemisphere, on Bering and Pribilof islands and 

 in Greenland, Ontario, Nova Scotia, Indiana, North Carolina, Barbados, and 

 northern South America. 



Genus CROCETHIA Billberg. 



Crocethia Billberg, Synops. Faunae Scand., I, Pt. ii, 1828, 132. Type, 

 by monotypy, Charadrius calidris Linnaeus = Trynga alba Pallas. 



Crocethia alba (Pallas). Sanderling. [248.] 



Trynga alba Pallas, in Vroeg, Catal., 1764, Adumbr., 7. (Coast of 

 the North Sea.) 



Range.^ — -Breeds on the Arctic Islands, Southampton, and northern Green- 

 land; also in Iceland, Spitzbergen, and northern Siberia. Winters from central 

 California, Texas, Virginia, and Bermuda to Patagonia; casually in Massa- 

 chusetts and British Columbia (Vancouver Island); also from the Mediter- 

 ranean, Burma, and Japan to South Africa and various Pacific islands, includ- 



1 Holboell, Naturhist. Tidsskr., IV, 1843, 409. Hagerup, Birds Greenland, 

 1891, 55. 



