130 CHECK-LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 



(Long Island) and the Niagara River; in Europe from the British Isles and 

 Norway south to Gibraltar and casually to Madeira and the Mediterranean Sea. 



• Catharacta chilensis (Bonaparte). Chilean Skua. [35.1.] 



Stercorarius antarcticus, var. b. chilensis, Bonaparte, Consp. Avium, II, 

 sig. 26, Feb. 1, 1856 [Oct. 1, 1857], 207. (Ex. Am[erica] m[eridionale] = 

 Chile.) 



Range. — Most abundant on the coasts of Chile and Peru but found on 

 both coasts of South America from Rio de Janeiro and Callao southward; 

 casual north in summer to Japan, California, Washington, and British Colum- 

 bia; breeding grounds unknown. 



Family LARIDAE. Gulls and Terns. 



Subfamily LARINAE. Gulls. 



Genus LARUS Linnaeus. 



Larus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758, 136. Type, by subs, desig., 

 Larus mariniis Linnaeus (Selby, 1840). 



Subgenus LARUS Linnaeus. 



Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus. Glaucous Gull. [42.] 



Larus hyperboreus Gunnerus, in Leem, Beskr. Finm. Lapper, 1767, 226 

 (note). (Northern Norway.) 



Range. — 'Breeds on Arctic coasts and islands from northwestern Alaska, 

 Melville Island, Ellesmere Island, and northern Greenland south to the 

 Pribilof Islands, northern Mackenzie, James Bay, eastern Labrador, and 

 Newfoundland, and on Arctic islands of the Eastern Hemisphere. Winters 

 from the Aleutian Islands and Greenland south to California, the Great Lakes, 

 and New York (Long Island), and casually to Bermuda, North Carolina, Texas, 

 Missouri, Wisconsin, and Hawaii; in Europe and Asia south to the Mediter- 

 ranean, Black, Caspian, and Red seas, and Japan. Accidental in Alberta. i 



Larus leucopterus Vieillot. Iceland Gull. [43.] 



Larus Leucopterus Vieillot, Tableau Encycl. Meth., I, 1820, 346. (bale 

 de Baffin = Baffin Bay.) 



Range. — Recorded in summer from Victoria Island and Boothia Peninsula 

 (not verified) to central Greenland (?) and east to Jan Mayen Island. Winters 

 from southern Greenland south to New York (Long Island), northern New 

 Jersey, and the Great Lakes; in Europe south to the British Isles, France, 



1 The Alaskan bird has been regarded as a distinct race by some authors 

 under the name L. h. barrovianus Ridgway. 



