ORDER PASSERIFORMES. 363 



Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis (Linnaeus). Eastern Snow Btinting. [534.] 



Emberiza nivalis Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758, 176. (in Alpibus 

 Lapponiae, etc. = Lapland.) 



Range. — In North America breeds in the Arctic Zone from at least lat. 83° 

 north (including Greenland) to the northern parts of the mainland from Alaska 

 to northern Quebec; also in the Arctic and Sub-arctic regions of the Eastern 

 Hemisphere south to about lat. 60° N. in Scandinavia and in northern Scotland. 

 Winters from LTnalaska, southern Alberta, central Manitoba, and central 

 Quebec south to the northern LTnited States and irregularly or sporadically to 

 eastern Oregon, Colorado, Kansas, southern Indiana, southern Ohio, South 

 Carolina, and Florida; also in Europe south to the Mediterranean Sea, north 

 Africa, the Canary Islands, and the Azores. Casual in Bermuda. 



Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi Ridgway. Pribilof Snow Bunting. [534a.] 



Plectrophenax nivalis townsendi Ridgway, Manual N. Amer. Birds, 1887, 

 403. (Otter Island [Pribilof Islands], Bering's Sea.) 



Range. — Commander Islands, the Siberian coast of Bering Sea; also the 

 Pribilof, Aleutian, and Shumagin islands, Alaska. 



Plectrophenax hyperboreus Ridgway. McKay's Snow Bunting. [535.] 



Plectrophenax hyperboreus Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., VII, 1884, 

 68. (St. Michael's, Alaska.) 



Range. — Breeds on Hall and St. Matthew islands, Bering Sea. Migrates in 

 winter to the mainland of western Alaska (St. Michael, Kuskokwim River, and 

 Nushagak). 



Genus EMBERIZA Linnaeus. 



Emberiza Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758, 176. Type, by subs, 

 desig., Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus (Bonaparte, 1834). 



• Emberiza rustica Pallas. Rustic Bunting. [535.1.] 



Emberiza rustica Pallas, Reise Russ. Reichs, III, 1776, 698. (Trans- 

 baikalia.) 



Range. — Breeds from Finland throughout Siberia to Kamchatka. Winters 

 south to Japan, China, and Turkestan. Casual in Europe and accidental on 

 Kiska Island, Aleutian chain, Alaska (June 19, 191 1).^ 



1 Bent, Smithson. Misc, Coll., LVI, No. 32, 1912, 19. 



