SUMMARY OF CHANGES. 389 



Dryobates scala7-is hairdi (Malherbe), 1861, becomes D. s. sympleclus Ober- 



HOLSER, 1911. 



The former name is invalidated by bairdii of Giraud, 1844, a synonym of 

 the Downy Woodpecker, and symplrctus is the earhest available name for 

 the present bird. (Cf. Oberholser, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XLI, 1911, 155.) 

 (p. 198) 



Xenopicus has been combined with Dryobates, (p. 199) 



Picoides americanus americanns Brehm, 1831, becomes P. Iridadylus haccatus 

 Bangs, 1900. 

 The name americanus is not satisfactorily identifiable and probably was 

 not based on an American bird therefore the earliest available name 

 baccatus is adopted. This race as well as P. a. dorsalis and P. a. fnsciatus 

 all become races of the European tridactylus, as it and the American forms 

 are regarded as only subspecifically different and tridactylus is the oldest 

 name. (Cf. Bangs^ Auk, XVII, 1900, 136.) (p. 200) 



Myiarchus magister magister Ridgway, 1884, becomes M. tyrannuUis inagistcr. 



Myiarchus magister nelsoni Ridgway, 1907, becomes M. tyrannulus nelsoni. 

 The two former species magister and tyrannulus are now considered to 

 differ only subspecifically and all of their races become subspecies of 

 lyrannidus the older name. (Cf. Hellmayr, Birds of the Americas, V, April 

 11,1927,162). (p. 205) 



Myiarchus lawrencei olivasccns Ridgway, 1884, becomes M. tuberculifer olivas- 

 cens. 

 As in the last case laurcncei and tuberculifer are now regarded as differing 

 only subspecifically and all races become subspecies of the latter. (Cf. 

 Hellmayr, Birds of the Americas, V, 180.) (p. 205) 



Empidonax trailli trailli (Audubon), 1828, becomes E. t. brewsteri Oberholser, 

 1918. 



Empidonax trailli alnorum Brewster, 1895, becomes E. t. trailli (Audubon). 

 The type specimen of trailli proves to be referable to the eastern race 

 named abiorurn by Brewster and must replace it, while for the western 

 I'ace the earliest available name, brewsteri, has been adopted. (Cf. Ober- 

 holser, Ohio Jour. Sci., XVIII, 1918, 93.) (p. 208) 



Nuttallornisborealis (Swainson), 1832, becomes N.mesoleucus (Lichtenstein), 

 1830. 

 On grounds of priority. (Cf. Hellmayr, Birds of the Americas, V, April 

 11,1927,189.) (p. 211) 



Otocoris alpestris pallida D wight becomes 0. a. leucansiptila Oberholser, 

 1902. 

 The former name is invalidated by an earlier pallida and has been replaced 

 by dwighti Stresemann (Orn. Monatsb., XXX, No. 4, July 1, 1922, 88) 

 but all specimens fiom north of the Mexican boundary seem to be referable 

 to leucansiptila. (p. 215) 



