Discussion 229 



Chance : That means that the rate of glucose utiUzation is probably 

 proportional to the respiration. 



Hess: We have never seen this high glucose concentration (10 mM) in 

 the abdomen; we might see it on the first day after inoculation, but 

 then the glucose concentration drops down. 



Lipmann: I have been worried by the fact that anaerobic cells, e.g. 

 yeast, can be inhibited in their growth by azide and by DNP. If we 

 distinguish as sharply as we do here, between aerobic energy supply and 

 glycolytic energy supply, perhaps we should consider that there might 

 be a common pathway. Both of them seem to have to be pushed 

 through. Otherwise I cannot understand why these inhibitors act on 

 the glycolytic system or on the energy coming out of the cell. 



Racket : What about stimulation of ATPase? 



Lipmann: I do not believe in that so much; ATPase is something 

 which we have constructed and which does not exist. 



Lynen: I would agree with Prof. Lipmann on that point. E'rom our 

 experiments with yeast cells we also deduced that ATPase in the classical 

 sense does not exist. ATPase is just the sum of all the processes where 

 ATP is split into ADP and phosphate, or AMP and pyrophosphate. 



Racker: We have observed repeatedly that dinitrophenol stimulates 

 anaerobic glycolysis in ascites cells. Prof. Lynen, did you not report 

 experiments on yeast in collaboration with Dr. Koenigsberger (1951, 

 loc. cit.), in which you observed an effect of DNP on intracellular de- 

 phosphorylations in the presence of cyanide? 



Lynen: We measured the dephosphorylation rate by adding large 

 amounts of KCN to metabolizing cells, thereby initiating the formation 

 of inorganic phosphate, which can be measured at intervals. When we 

 added DNP and KCN together, no change in dephosphorylation rate 

 was observed. 



