94 
Mammals of Eastern Asia 
to imagine reasonably suitable names that had never been used 
before. Many, in consequence, were often distinctly unsuitable. 
Murina, as a name, is in no way distinctive. 
The Bats of this subfamily are all Old World forms and all 
have the upper surface of the membrane uniting the tail and 
hind legs quite densely hairy. In addition, the nostrils are drawn 
out into distinct tubes, much as in certain of the Flying Foxes 
(Nyctimene) of New Guinea and Australia. 
Only three genera belong in the subfamily : Murina, Harpio- 
cephalus, and Harpiola. (The harpies were mythological birds 
of ill omen. Again, the word has little or no significance in the 
present case.) The principal genus is Murina. Harpiola occurs 
in the western Himalayas only. 
The Tube-nosed Insectivorous Bats, genus Murina, in- 
clude a number of species from India, Burma, China, eastern 
Asiatic Russia, and Japan. They comprise several main groups, 
arranged here according to size : 
Forearm length, 1% to 1% inches: leucogaster (Szechwan 
and Fukien), hilgendorfi (Japan), intermedia (Korea), ognevi 
(Siberia), rubex (Assam). All of the foregoing except rubex, 
it will be noted, are northern, from China, Japan, or Siberia. 
Fig. 14. Head of Fig. 15. Ear of Trum- Fig. 16. Head of Naked 
Tube-nosed Insec- 
tivorous Bat, 
Murina. 
pet-eared Bat, Keri- 
voula. The outer ear 
is funnel-shaped. The 
tragus, pale in the 
drawing, is extremely 
long and pointed. 
Bulldog Bat, Cheiro- 
meles torquatus. 
