74 Mammals of Eastern Asia 
orange-buff. The crown of the head is dark chestnut, darker 
than the mantle. 
The Condoro Island Flying Fox, Pteropus hypomelanus 
condorensis, has much the same range as P. lylei — Siam and 
Cochin-China — but belongs to a distinct group. The length of 
the forearm is about 5% inches; the color of the back is gray- 
brown, the underparts hazel, darkening on the sides to seal- 
brown, the mantle and the crown of the head varied shades of 
chestnut. A near ally, P. h. geminorum, taken from islands west 
of Siam, differs chiefly by having the crown black-brown. 
The Formosa Flying Fox, Pteropus dasymalhis formosus, 
also a member of the P. hypomelanus group, is colored like 
others described above, dark brown; but the mantle is creamy 
white and the crown of the head grizzled dark brown. The fore- 
arm measures 5^4 to 5% inches. The Flying Foxes that occur 
on the Luchu Islands and the Philippines are near relatives of 
this species. 
The Short-nosed or Dog-faced Fruit Bats, Cynopterus, 
have the nostrils prominent and almost tubular. The rather 
broad, short ears are generally edged with a fine white line. 
This white color is not produced by hairs ; the skin at the edges 
of the ears is white. The wing membrane in immediate contact 
with the terminal and next to terminal joints of the third, fourth, 
and fifth fingers may be whitish. There is a sharp claw on the 
index finger. The fur is rather long and dense, and colored 
some shade of olive-brown. The wing-span varies from 12 to 
16 inches. The Short-nosed Fruit Bats occur through India 
and Ceylon to Siam, Malaysia, and the Sunda Islands, also on 
the Island of 'Hainan in south China. Three species belong in 
our area : C. sphinx, C. brachyotis, and C. horsfieldi. 
The typical species, Cynopterus sphinx, extends from India 
through Burma and Siam to Annam and Cochin-China. It ap- 
pears to miss China and reappears on Hainan. This species is 
colored smoky brown, with the roots of the hairs greenish 
