Descriptions of East Asiatic Mammals 109 
very large (forearm 3% to 3y 2 inches) red-brown Bats; H. 
armiger group, with very large (forearm 3 to 3!/3 inches) red- 
brown or gray Bats ; H. diadema group, including very large 
(forearm about 3% inches) gray Bats, marked with white; 
and H. speoris group, consisting of medium-sized (forearm 
2%o to 2% inches) gray or brown species. The length of fore- 
arms of these groups is given for continental specimens only. 
In most instances only a single species represents any one 
group. In the H. bicolor and H. galeritus groups many names 
have been proposed for weakly distinguishable forms. As in 
Rhinolophus, both red and gray phases appear in certain groups. 
The Least Round-leaf Horseshoe Bats, the H. bicolor 
group, are represented by at least four forms: H. b. gentilis 
from the Valley of the Irrawaddy, H. b. sinensis from Fukien, 
H. b. atrox from Malay Peninsula, and H. b. ridleyi from 
Singapore. In addition, a less closely related species, H. nequam, 
is found at Penang, Malay Peninsula. All of these are little 
Bats, with the forearm less than 1% inches. The ears are broad 
and leafy, with the outer margin not cut out (as in most spe- 
cies). No gland occurs on the forehead. The color is usually 
light grayish brown, bufty white beneath. But there also occurs 
a pretty coppery red color phase in at least some of the races. 
The group is present in Tonkin and Annam. Osgood also 
records the tiny Punjabi form cineraceus from Tonkin. 
The Lesser Sac-bearing Horseshoe Bats, Hipposideros 
galeritus and relatives, a large group, are found chiefly in the 
islands of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Only one species, 
galeritus proper, occurs in southern Asia. It appears to be re- 
stricted to Assam, Burma, and the Malay Peninsula. Only 
slightly larger in size than H. bicolor (forearm 1% inches), 
galeritus can be distinguished by the excised outer margins of 
the ears and by the glandular sac on the forehead. The nasal 
appendages are more or less flesh-colored, and at either side of 
the horseshoe there are two lateral leaflets (none in bicolor). 
