132 Mammals of Eastern Asia 
neath heavy brow ridges. There are large canine teeth, and 
capacious cheek pouches accommodate excess food. The period 
of gestation is about 7 months. Usually only 1 young is born. 
The type species of Macaca is the Gibraltar Monkey or Barbary 
Ape, Macaca iniuis, a species with rudimentary tail. 
The Long-tailed or Crab-eating Macaques, comprising 
Macaca irns and its related races, most of which are island 
forms, may be considered comparatively unspecialized. The 
color of the upper parts is greenish olive, varying to reddish 
brown, sometimes brownish on the head and dorsal line; the 
underparts are grayish white. The arms and legs become olive- 
gray and terminate in brownish black hands and feet. The tail 
at the base is like the body, toward the end smoky gray, beneath 
whitish. The face is brown ; white skin shows around the eyes, 
the lids are bluish white, and the ears black. The bare posterior 
callosities are flesh-colored. The length of the head and body 
is 18 to 22 inches, of the tail 26 inches, of the foot 5*4 
inches. 
These Monkeys are found from Burma and Assam through 
Tenasserim to the Malay Peninsula. A related Macaque, M. 
capitalis of lower Siam, has gray hands and feet, the top of the 
head yellowish brown. Osgood records M. irus from Saigon. 
Like most Macaques, this species is gregarious, occurring in 
troups of fifteen or twenty individuals of both sexes and all 
ages. It prefers mangrove swamps and forests near the mouths 
of rivers and will wade about in the mud picking up crabs and 
shrimps. It swims well. 
The Rhesus Macaques, Macaca midata of Burma and As- 
sam, have the tail shorter than the Long-tailed Macaques but 
longer than the Pig-tailed Macaques. The length of the tail is 
about half of the length of the head and body. 
Macaca mulata has the head and anterior part of the back 
grayish buff, turning to reddish gray on the rump, thighs, and 
the tail brown. The limbs are gray with a buff wash, the under- 
