21 o Mammals of Eastern Asia 
also attacks Hares, the maggots forming cells in the animals* 
skins. 
The summer fur is mixed gray and russet with gray bases, 
the underparts dull white with gray bases. In winter the coat 
becomes grayer, a mixture of ochraceous and black, the under- 
parts buffy white, gray based. The length of head and body is 
7 inches, ear % inch, hind foot 1% inches. The color of the 
races found farther north is substantially the same. Members 
of this group are found on Sakhalin and the Japanese islands 
Yezo and Hokkaido, also on Kamchatka Peninsula. 
The Yezo or Hokkaido Pika, from 600 to nearly 7000 feet 
up the mountains, stores sixteen kinds of Japanese alpine plants 
in its "haystacks" under rocks. Most of the plants are woody, 
like willow, huckleberry, and crowberry; not a single kind of 
grass has been found. 
The Sakhalin Pika lives in communities among rocks in 
alpine meadows at 2400 feet and lower in the south-central part 
of the island. In its storage heaps larch, maple, blackberry, 
mosses, and grasses have been identified. 
The Kolyma River Pika, Ochotona h. kolymensis, has soft 
pelage colored yellow-brown, varied with black on the back, 
underparts yellowish white with gray bases. The length of head 
and body is about 6 inches, hind foot 1 inch. This Pika, one of 
the smallest forms, and the most northerly of all, is found in 
rocky places almost at sea level. 
THE GNAWING MAMMALS OR RODENTS ( ORDER RODENTIA) 
Many years ago it was customary to divide the rodents into 
four principal groups : Hares, Squirrels, Rats, and Porcupines. 
Since then the Hares (and Rabbits) have been recognized as 
distinct from the others both in structure and in function. 
Although Hares also possess large upper and lower front cutting 
teeth on each side, those teeth are employed more for clipping 
twigs and shoots than for persistent gnawing of nuts or wood. 
