1 88 Mammals of Eastern Asia 
the Pantherinae can be thought of as a specialized division of 
the Cats. 
THE CATS AND LYNXES (SUBFAMILY FELINE) 
These are Cats with no special elastic ligament in the throat. 
For practical purposes those Cats with the ears high, pointed, 
and often tufted, such as the House Cats (to a small degree) 
and the Lynxes, will be separated from those with the ears low, 
rounded, and usually marked on the back with a large white 
spot. The pointed-eared group includes Felis (comprising a 
variety of Jungle Cats), Caracal and Lynx; the round-eared 
group contains the Leopard Cats, Marbled Cat, Temminck's 
Cat, Flat-headed Cat, Fishing Cat, and the Clouded Leopard. 
The number of nipples in Felis domestica is 8 ; in Lynx, 4, all 
abdominal (Seton). 
The subgenus Felis, in a restricted sense, 1 includes House 
Cats, Indian Desert Cats, and Jungle Cats — Cats of medium to 
small size. The typical species is the Domestic Cat, Felis catus, 
regarded as derived from a North African species. 
The Jungle Cats, Felis chaus, are not very well named ; their 
range, although it includes the Indian and Indo-Chinese jungle 
regions, also extends northwest into the dry areas east of the 
Caspian Sea. A distinct crest of hairs appears along the back, 
and the ears are slightly tufted. The color varies from gray to 
tawny. The underparts and the area around the mouth are whit- 
ish; the tail, only moderately long, is slightly ringed. A few 
weakly defined spots and stripes appear on the chest, shoulder, 
and hind legs. The length of the head and body is from 2 to 
2y 2 feet, of the tail from 10 to 10% inches, of the hind foot 
about 6 inches. 
Felis chaus proper is a native of Turkestan and Persia. The 
1 Sometimes all members of the Cat family except the Cheetahs are called 
Felis. 
