Descriptions of East Asiatic Mammals 283 
4% inches, and 1%5 inches, respectively. Apodemus s. peniru- 
sulce is distinguished by having reddish instead of blackish ears. 
Apodemus s. orestes and A. s. draco are distinguished from each 
other by having the ankles white, and dark, respectively, while 
A. latronum is considerably larger. Apodemus ilex, of Yunnan 
and northern Burma, is a brown species with 6 nipples in the 
females; as in A. sylvaticus, its color is dorsally reddish brown 
lined with blackish, ventrally soiled gray. The ears are rather 
large. The length of the head and body is 4 inches, tail 4% 
inches, hind foot % inch. 
Apodemus geisha is a small, reddish brown species with 
sharply defined white underparts and 8 nipples. Length of head 
and body is 3% inches, tail 3% inches, hind foot % inch. 
The Large-toothed Rat, Dacnomys (the Greek root dacno- 
signifies "to bite"), very similar to certain large kinds of Rattus, 
contains the single species D. millardi from Sikkim, Assam, and 
Laos. A geographical race has been separated in each of the 
above-mentioned regions. The molar teeth are greatly enlarged. 
The audital capsules of the skull are especially large. The num- 
ber of nipples is 8. The smallest race is D. m. millardi from 
Sikkim, with the length of the hind foot 2 inches; next comes 
D. m. ingens of Laos, and largest of all, the Assam race D. m. 
wroughtoni. In the last two the length of the hind foot is 2% 
inches or more. Typical D. millardi is a plain-looking brown- 
ish Rat with tail gray in color above and below. The fur is 
rather thin and short; the length of the head and body is 9 
inches, tail 13 inches. The race ingens, with proportionately 
shorter tail, is colored fuscous brown with pale underparts ; the 
corresponding dimensions are 10% and 12% inches. Dacnomys 
m. wroughtoni, somewhat more rufous in color, has the same 
measurements 11% inches and 13% inches. 
The True Rats, genus Rattus, are the most complex and 
difficult group to analyze and classify of any of the Murinae. A 
recent list * of the species and subspecies contained in the collec- 
1 ]. R. Ellerman, The Families and Genera of Living Rodents, London, 
1941. 
