Descriptions of East Asiatic Mammals 287 
peculiar to tiny islands lying close to the coastlines of the Malay 
Peninsula and southern Siam. Important races on the mainland 
are R. sabanus revertens from extreme northern Laos to 
Annam, R. vociferans, R. v. herberti, and R. kennethi, respec- 
tively from western, eastern, and lower Siam. R. e. milleti is 
from southern Annam, R. e. garonum from Assam, R. e. gigas 
from Szechwan, R. e. ciliatus from Selangor. Many races of the 
sabanus section are smaller than edwardsi: revertens has the 
length of the hind foot only 1J4 inches, kennethi a trifle 
less. 
b. Mtiller's Rats, Rattus mulleri, are colored iron-gray or 
sometimes reddish gray above, below white, the hairs without 
gray bases. The tail is usually nearly equal in length to head and 
body. The number of nipples in females is 8. They are tropical 
Rats, unknown from north of lower Siam. Most of the races 
are from the islands of the Sunda region. Mainland forms are 
R. villosus from Singapore, R. m. foederis from Perak, Malay 
Peninsula, and R. validus from lower Siam. The dimensions of 
villosus are: head and body 9 inches, tail 10 inches, hind foot 
1% inches; of validus, 10, lO 1 /^ and 2 inches. 
c. Bowers' Rats, Rattus bowersi and relatives, are large 
species with rather soft, dense, brownish gray fur above, white 
beneath. They can be confused readily with R. edwardsi but are 
distinguished by the pear-shaped outline of the skull, compared 
with the narrowly elliptical skull of edwardsi. The original Bow- 
ers' Rats came from Yunnan. Relatives are latouchei from Fu- 
kien, Tonkin, and Laos, wellsi from Khasi Hills, Assam, mack- 
ensiei from the Chin Hills, Burma, fece from Tenasserim, lac- 
tiventer from Siam, and ferreocanus from lower Siam. The 
length of head and body in bowersi is 9 inches, tail 10% inches, 
hind foot 2%o inches; in wellsi the same dimensions are 8, 9, 
1% inches ; in mackenziei 9%, 10, 1% inches ; in fece 8%, 10%, 
2 inches; in lactiventer 9%, 10%, 2 inches. 
2. Medium sized : blackish above and below : 
