Descriptions of East Asiatic Mammals 313 
The North China Pigs, like those of Mongolia, carry heavy 
coats of coarse hair. The color, though as variable, is usually 
darker than the Mongolian race. It may be reddish or in old 
boars nearly black. These pigs live in the scattered scrubby 
woods of north China from near sea-level up to 9000 feet above 
sea-level. They often do much damage to crops of corn and 
sweet potatoes. 
The South China Pigs are even darker than the foregoing 
and lack the dense woolly underhair of the northerly races. They 
are nearly black or reddish black, with a suggestion of white 
at the corner of the mouth. In some areas of Fukien they are so 
abundant that they do great damage to rice and other crops. 
The boars, which are of uncertain temper, may be very danger- 
ous. 
In any one of the foregoing three races of Pigs there may be 
developed a strong white facial mark on the cheek and just be- 
hind the mouth. Since such a mark is the basis of the name 
leucomystax, applied to the Japanese Pig, it seems possible 
that that animal will eventually prove to be a form of >S\ scrofa. 
On the Island of Formosa, Wild Pigs, described under the 
name taivanus, seem to be little different from those of the 
adjoining mainland. They have been regarded as a race of the 
Japanese Pig. The Pigs of Korea, S. /. coreanus, are stated to 
have narrower heads than the form found in Manchuria, S. I. 
continentis. Mori says they are brown, not blackish brown, and 
that the streak from the angle of the mouth is inconspicuous. 
Pigs are reputed to heap up branches and pieces of bamboo 
to make a nest or house in which they conceal themselves by 
day. The young are born in such nests. Very old boars and 
females with families keep apart from the others. Otherwise, 
Pigs go about in large bands. Two litters of young per year 
may be produced, but the increase is apparently checked by re- 
current epidemic diseases. Sowerby says that such epidemics 
have occurred three times in fourteen years in Shansi Province. 
