Descriptions of East Asiatic Mammals 315 
very high at the shoulders. Excellent photographs of Bearded 
Pigs have been published (Jentink, 1906). 
THE CHEVROTAINS OR MOUSE DEER 
(family tragulim:) 
These small animals, though deer-like, are not Deer at all. 
In some features of the structure of the teeth and skulls they 
resemble Camels. There are no upper incisors. The males have 
long curved upper canine teeth that protrude well below the 
lips. Antlers are developed in neither sex. There are 4 nipples. 
Neither facial glands nor foot glands are present. The family 
is represented today by the genus Tragulus of Asia and the 
spotted Water Chevrotains, Hyemoschus, of west Africa. Re- 
lated fossil forms are known in America. 
The Mouse Deer, Tragulus, excluding the Indian Spotted 
Chevrotain, Moschiola, is a Malayan tropical forest- frequenting 
genus, which fails to reach as far north as lower Burma or 
Tonkin. It differs sharply from the African Water Chevrotains 
by having the pairs of metacarpals and metatarsals, equivalent 
to the bones that span the palms of our hands and the soles of 
our feet, united into single bones called cannon bones; in the 
African group the same bones become united only in old age. 
The oriental species of Tragulus include the Indian Spotted 
Chevrotain, T. meminna, sometimes separated as a genus or 
subgenus, Moschiola, and two unspotted forms occurring east 
of the Bay of Bengal, the Larger Mouse Deer, T. javanicus, 
and the Smaller Mouse Deer, T. kanchil, each of which is split 
up into many races. Both species have a cushion-like glandular 
pad behind the chin in males. Both, depending upon the race, 
are colored some shade of brown, with whitish underparts, and 
with the white expanse of chin and throat variously though 
symmetrically cut up by patches of brown. A narrow strip of 
paler brown extends from the ear, above each eye, to the nostril. 
The animals, which stand less than a foot high at the shoulder, 
