344 Mammals of Eastern Asia 
The Thamin or Eld's Deer, Cervus eldi (= platyceros) 
sometimes also called Panolia Deer, can be distinguished from 
young specimens of Schomburgk's Deer by the curving con- 
tinuity of the brow tine with the beam. One or more prominent 
small tines often develop at the junction of the brow tine with 
the beam, which latter otherwise is unbranched for some dis- 
tance. The number of points in adult bucks varies from two to 
eight or ten. The antlers are often somewhat asymmetrical. 
The Thamin is typically brown above, whitish below; the 
females are somewhat rufous. New-born fawns may have white 
spots on the rump. This Deer is somewhat larger than Schom- 
burgk's Deer, reaching 45 inches at the shoulder. In winter the 
coat becomes shaggy and dark brown. Three races are recog- 
nized : typical eldi occurring in lower Burma and southward into 
the Malay Peninsula; C. e. frontalis, with the undersurface of 
the hind pasterns horny instead of haired, found in Manipur; 
and C. e. siamensis, with the brow tine exceptionally short, 
occurring in southern Siam, Cochin-China, Cambodia, Hainan, 
and Formosa. The Hainan race has been distinguished as C. e. 
hainanus. 
The Red Deer and Wapiti, subgenus Cervus, include the 
Red Deer of Europe, C. elaphus and its races; the Kashmir 
Stag, C. macneilli; the Himalayan Shou, C. wallichi; and the 
American "Elk," C. canadensis. Only the first, which has repre- 
sentatives in northeastern Asia, need be treated in the present 
work. These Deer, larger than the East Asia Spotted Deer, 
Sika, may be further distinguished by the position of the second 
or "bez" tine, which diverges from the main beam only a short 
way beyond the brow tine. The beam becomes further divided 
into four or more additional points. Red Deer are red only in the 
summer — actually a reddish brown, becoming dull brown in old 
animals. The underparts are light slaty gray and the legs 
grayish brown, becoming dark gray distally in front. The rump 
patch in summer is virtually absent. The winter pelage, which 
