348 
Mammals of Eastern Asia 
and shed antlers annually. The brow tine, the "bez" tine, and the 
main beam become palmate and develop numerous points. They 
vary greatly in different races. The beam is often angled at the 
middle. The muzzle, unlike the muzzle of other Deer, is com- 
pletely hairy. The ears and tail are short. There are anteorbital 
Fig. 76. Reindeer, Rangifer tarandus. 
and tarsal glands but no metatarsal glands. Upper canines are 
present in females as well as in males. The fawns are not 
spotted. 
The color of the coat is some shade of gray-brown, with the 
underparts whitish, the hair remarkably dense, springy, and 
crinkly. A pale rump patch is developed. The antlers are colored 
brownish white, the hoofs black. The height at the shoulder is 
about 4% feet. 
Caribou occur on Sakhalin Island, at Marcova on the Sea of 
Okhotsk, at the mouth of the Amur (Sowerby), and south along 
